The purpose of this handbook is to inform American Indians about their basic rights under Federal law both on and off reservations. There is a discussion of the freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition. The next section deals with equal treatment, unlawful arrest and detention, unlawful searches and seizures, and what to do when questioned or when rights have been violated. The section on fair treatment by the courts discusses the following: the right to counsel; arraignment, notice of charges, and bail; what happens before and during a trial; sentencing and appeal; and rights of children and teenagers. There are sections on Federal grand juries, the custody of children, civil and administrative due process, and the right to vote. The section on equal employment opportunities covers government and private employment, Title VI and other Federal laws, tribal agencies, private companies with Federal contracts, and Indian job preference. The section on educational opportunities describes the programs available for Indians. There are sections on Indian student rights and on rights to fair housing, equal credit, and use of public facilities and accommodations. The next section discusses the taking of private property by eminent domain. There are instructions on how and where to file complaints followed by a description of what constitutes discrimination. There is also a list (by states) of legal service programs and list of jurisdictions covered. (CM)