This report (1) describes the development of libraries in China; (2) examines Chinese library, documentation, and scholarly publications from a historical perspective; and (3) outlines the present state of the art as reflected by the situation before and after the Cultural Revolution. The history of public libraries, university and school libraries, research libraries, trade union libraries, factory libraries, military libraries, information agencies, and a national library association is outlined. The influences of Chinese characters on present day scientific and technical information is explored, as are Chinese classification schemes and the Chinese library tradition. Discussions of the growth of education, the importance of radio and television, and the training of librarians are also included, followed by a brief bibliometric study of how Chinese scientists utilize their information sources. Most of the 48 sources listed in the bibliography are either in English or a Scandinavian language. (FM)