This report presents a synthesis and critique of approximately 850 books, research studies, and journal articles appearing between 1960 and 1978 on sex role socialization and sex discrimination. It also offers a number of hypotheses regarding the emergence, maintenance, and elimination of sex discrimination. This document is presented in six parts. Part I focuses on sex role socialization, with particular emphasis on sex typing of behaviors, women's achievement and motivation, and women's educational and vocational choices. Part II discusses cross-cultural patterns of sex role socialization in selected developed and developing nations including Greece, Sweden, England, The United States and Tunisia. Part III examines occupational and educational sex discrimination, with particular emphasis on race and sex discrimination against black women. Parts IV and V survey theory and research related to sex discrimination and sex stratification systems. The final part assesses changes in sex role stereotypes and identifies incongruities in men's and women's perceptions about values held by the opposite sex. Information is presented in essay form, with authors and dates of relevant research identified in parentheses after each major topic. A section of references concludes the document. (Author/DB)