A scientific, multidisciplinary examination of the social and psychological effects of rape upon female victims is presented, which is then correlated with: (1) the circumstances that surrounded the rape; (2) the victim's personality and social adaptation before she was raped; and (3) the support available from organizations and people who were important to her. The events that occur as the victim passes through the criminal justice system and the effects that they have on her mental health and adjustment are also explored. Such variables as age, race and income are focused upon, as well as the problems, patterns, and details of rape for child, adolescent, and adult victims. It is suggested that the long term effects of rape may be more important than the immediate ones, and that further research be conducted to continue the process of demystifying the meaning of rape and its multifaceted impact on the victim. (Author/KA)