This paper argues that an understanding of sport must be predicated upon an understanding of the culture in which it occurs. Because 20th century American society views competition and success in sport as preparation for competition and success outside of sport, a revision in emphasis within sport itself may lead to a revised emphasis in life outside of sport. Specifically, this paper recommends a revival of the Aristotelian concept of competition as an opportunity for self-fulfillment and not merely a device through which to vanquish opponents. Sport may then become a positive and creative force for the improvement of society. (Author)