This study compared the sex role attitudes of 32 children (in grades K-2) from "traditional" homes (in which mothers stressed socialization toward standard cultural sex roles) with the attitudes of 34 children of the same ages from "non-traditional" homes (in which mothers stressed non-sexist socialization). Children responded to three attitude inventories concerning social and occupational roles of adults and activities appropriate for boys and girls. Data were analyzed by a 3-way analysis of variance, with sex, home environment and grade as factors. Findings indicated that boys and girls from traditional homes were significantly more inclined than those from non-traditional homes to assign children's activities on the basis of sex. Regardless of home environment, girls held more non-sexist attitudes than boys toward adult social roles. Boys from traditional homes possessed narrow views of adult role options as early as kindergarten; girls from traditional homes revealed more stereotypes in first and second grades than in kindergarten. An additional analysis was performed on a subscale of household task items from the social adult scale which were assumed to be familiar to all children. A significant difference was found between scores of children from traditional and non-traditional homes, suggesting that the influence of non-traditional role models at home could counter stereotyping influences outside the home. (CW)