This test was designed to measure awareness of the relationship existing between sentences that are similar in specific semantic content but different in syntactic structure. The test consists of twenty-five items of the three-option multiple-response type, with the stem of each item being a "pattern" sentence to be matched with one of the three options. A variety of syntactic structures and alternatives is involved, including options among infinitive, gerund, and noun clause constructions or among relative clause, adjective, participle, and appositive constructions; deletion or retention of optional elements; initial or final order of elements; and active or passive constructions. Some option sentences differ from pattern sentences in respect to one structural feature, while others differ in respect to several features. Although the "Agnate Sentences Test" appears to have acceptable validity and reliability, a more refined instrument should be developed which focuses on the types of syntactic constructions and the quality of the option sentences. Tables of findings, a brief bibliography, and an appendix containing the complete test are included. (JM)