The African Primary Science Program has been developed in eight different African countries and is currently in the initial stages of implementation in these countries. The program differs from conventional science teaching in that it attempts to provide an opportunity for children to know the world on their own terms. Its goals are to equip children with the basis for having their own ideas of interesting ways to use materials that are available to them, of having interesting questions to ask about things, and of ways to go about answering their questions. The report provides an evaluation of the program. In the process, it describes an evaluation methodology which involves the observation of various aspects of children's activity, alone and in groups, in a manner which is conducive to an understanding of what is actually happening. (NTIS)