The phenomenon studied in this collection of essays is the increasing difference between male and female mortality. The following essays are included: (a) "Fragile Male; Durable or Protected Female?" by Wilson T. Sowder; (b) "Sex Differences in Attitudes toward Health and Related Behavior: A Summary of Four Florida Studies" by James O. Bond; (c) "Sickness and Sex: A Review of Morbidity Survey Data from the United States" by Bond; (d) "Sex Differences in Mortality" by Everett H. Williams, Jr. and others; (e) "Working for Death" by Edward L. Flemming, which considers psychic needs as a factor in increased male mortality; and (f) "From the Literature" by Sowder. Appendixes include reprints of journal articles by the authors of essays in this collection, a list of tables in the text, and a list of figures in the text. (JA)