This publication consists of papers presented at the meetings of two advisory groups convened at Unesco. Internationally-known consultants were invited to assist in developing a program dealing with the sociocultural and linguistics adaptation of the content and methodology of education. At one meeting, concerned with the contribution of educational anthropology and sociolinguistics to educational development, definitions of the field of anthropology and sociolinguistics were provided, current applications in educational planning and development were described, and new methods were introduced which may be derived therefrom. The second meeting, on the role of linguistics and sociolinguistics in language education and planning, covered mother-tongue and multilinginual education, the uses and role of languages in various cultural settings, and set priorities on the formulation of national language policy, planning, and educational programs. The papers explore subjects treated in these meetings and provide illustrations of complex sociocultural and linguistic problems and solutions. These contributions indicate the nature of current research and development activities. The publication is intended for teachers, educational planners and decision-makers, and those concerned with education in national development. (Author/KSM)