This study is part of a manpower research project to analyze Negro employment patterns in the South and to suggest ways to improve them. Government is a major employer, especially during economic depressions when market forces have caused high unemployment in the private sector. Governments may be particularly important sources of jobs for Negroes and other minorities in equal employment opportunity implementation. Data are presented for racial patterns of employment by agency category and labor type in 13 Southern states. It was found that geographic location alone cannot explain the racial employment patterns. Leadership by State and local officials and pressure from the community, black and white, are also very important, and the community organization is as important as legislation in causing any changes in the patterns. The study also indicated the need for better data on Negro employment in State and local governments. The data are especially limited at the municipal level. Conclusions and recommendations offer guides for the administration and enforcement of equal employment opportunities. Volume 1 and 2 of this project are available as ED 048 486 and ED 067 496 respectively. (MF)