On an international comparison basis, data derived from censuses in 1950 and 1960 indicated a significant international correlation, but a weak intranational relationship between productivity and formal education. Meaningful correlations that exist for some industries across countries lead to the conclusion that there exists a relationship between productivity and education for each industry separately. The major determinant in the variation of productivity is the occupational distribution in the total labor force rather than the variation in the years of schooling of the same occupations. Correlations between the proportion of people with more than a secondary education, with productivity are most significant. Formal education, as a derived demand, is a misleading indicator of productivity, due to the importance of other modes of occupational training. The present use of educational distributions for analysis and planning must be reviewed, incorporating a wide range of variables in order to arrive at a correct appraisal of educational data. Numerous tables present the data. (Author/AG)