This monograph reports an exploratory study of legislative behavior in the field of education. The study sampled a large number of legislators' rollcall votes involving educational policy under various conditions of partisanship. The specific objectives of the study were to (1) determine the changes that occur in patterns of rollcall voting on education measures when the intensity of partisanship increases, (2) compare the patterns of voting on education measures in the lower and upper houses of a legislature that undergo a transition in level of partisanship, and (3) determine the programmatic and interest group effects of changes in the level of partisanship. The study was made of the California State Legislature between 1955 and 1966. During this time, the legislative body reflected the behaviors characteristic of three distinguishable political periods: transitional politics (1955-1958) during which nonpartisan factionalism prevailed, moderate partisanship (1959-1962), and intense partisanship (1963-1966). (Pages 46-153 may reproduce poorly.) (Author/JL)