This study is designed to discover crucial societal problem areas in which the application of foundation resources might be beneficial. A resource allocation analysis technique yields information which is useful in general evaluation procedures. Development of a problem analysis technique interrelates apparent societal trends and changes in the human ecosystem with the various problems of society. Both approaches begin with attempts to list all relevant societal concerns. Several lists of sets of important problems represent the judgements of a wide variety of informed observers on specific problems that should be given increased attention and resources. A selected annotated bibliography is included. (Author/SHM)