This report, one of a series of manpower studies, presents various series of data on the manpower of Czechoslovakia, especially for the years 1950-70, and two projections of the economically active population for the years 1971-90. The different measures are defined, the population base, manpower trends, and the general manpower situation are discussed, and the assumptions and methods used in preparing the projections are described. Specific attention is given to the utilization of manpower in agriculture. Four chapters describe the Czechoslovakian labor force. Chapter one explains the current manpower situation, and defines manpower concepts. The second chapter deals with labor resources broken down into total and economically active population. The civilian employed population is described in chapter three and topics covered are: branch of economy, branch of industry, socialization of economy, class of workers, employment of women, and specialized manpower. In chapter four prospects for future growth are discussed. Three appendices are: 1) Special measures of agricultural manpower; 2) Labor inputs; and, 3) Labor utilization in agriculture. Numerous tables are included and a bibliography is provided. (Author/SJM)