The variety of influences on the teaching of literature at the elementary school level is illustrated by this description of current practices and review of research and development in the area. The following types of materials are reviewed to point out recommended practices: curriculum guides, objectives of library programs, textbooks for children, textbooks for teacher education, standards for teacher preparation, and opinions of specialists. The review of research includes studies and reports dealing with (1) status of research in teaching literature in the elementary school, (2) children's interests and tastes, (3) content analysis of children's literature, (4) preparation of teachers for teaching literature, (5) curriculum development in literature in the elementary school, (6) practices in teaching literature, and (7) children's responses to literature. The conclusion states that the best focus for research and development is on the reading children do and on the responses children make to the literature they read. (LH)