The role of child psychiatry is discussed, and the child is described as a developing organism. Genetic factors in behavior are considered as are the presenting problems. Methods treated involve taking the history, conducting the diagnostic interview, using special diagnostic procedures, and applying diagnostic classification. Problem areas dealt with include the following: mental retardation; behavioral disorders due to cerebral dysfunction; behavior and character disorders, neuroses, and associated symptoms; childhood schizophrenia and psychosis; specific learning disabilities; problems arising from special stress situations; and adolescent behavior problems. Also reviewed are treatment approaches, including psychotherapy and related treatments, drug therapy, and inpatient and outpatient treatment. (JD)