Research evidence indicates that racial awareness, including differential preference based on such an awareness, is quite pervasive and develops very early in life. In an effort to investigate the existence of racial awareness as manifested in differential preference in preschool children, this two-part study was conducted. In part one, 40 objects considered to have differential affective qualities, on the basis of race, were evaluated as good or bad by 37 Negro Head Start children and 30 preschool white children. No significant differences in evaluation of the objects between the two races were found. In part two, 15 of the children of each race were asked to guess in which of two closed boxes, white and black, each of the 22 most clearly evaluated objects of the original 40 were to be found. It was hypothesized that the children's racial attitudes would be indirectly indicated by a finding that the children put negatively evaluated objects in the black box and positive objects in the white box. This hypothesis was supported, only more so for the white children than the black children. The comments of the children supported the hypothesis that racial attitudes determined the guessing of certain objects as being in a certain box. (WD)