Families participating in a program of Aid to Families with Dependent Children and Unemployed Parents were studied to obtain data on personal and health characteristics of adult members, socioeconomic characteristics of the family unit, and the interrelations of these variables. Interviews were conducted by trained interviewers with 324 families residing in 7 rural eastern Kentucky counties. After 3 months, 72 homemakers were reinterviewed to determine what changes had occurred resulting from the program. Most families were found to be improved financially; they were more hopeful about the future; and their children were improving in school activities. One hundred tables are included giving data on: family age, composition, and education; material well-being and level of living; work record and orientation to work; sickness and health; geographic and social isolation; and values and views on life. (JH)