Transparent" refers to words formed from other words in such a way that meanings and relationships to the original object or concept are clearly suggested; the author analyzes and classifies the processes according to which these types of words are formed. (RS)

Argues that a classifier language can have a plural morpheme within a nominal expression, suggesting that -men in Mandarin Chinese is best analyzed as a plural morpheme, in contrast to a regular plural on an element in N, such as the English -s. The paper makes a prediction about the structures of nominal expressions in classifier and…

Examines the roles that morphemes of different types play in contact-induced change. The data examined are taken from interviews with seven speakers of Pennsylvania German. Argues that a turnover of the Matrix language is in process in PG. (Author/VWL)

This study explored the sensitivity of 20 10- to 11-month-old infants to the phonological characteristics of their native language. Tone-probe event-related potentials were obtained for subjects listening to a story, either with normal English function morphemes or modified with atypical function morphemes. Results suggest that the 11-month-olds,…

Argues for the introduction of the syllable in the teaching and learning of Italian and to show that using a structural representation of the syllable can enlighten facts about the distribution of the definite masculine markers "il" and "lo," as well as other Italian morphemes. (Author/VWL)

Assesses the nature and value of grammaticalization. Attempts to show that grammaticalization is derivative, that it has no status of its own but relies on other processes and mechanisms of linguistic change that exist independently of grammaticalization but that provide the explanations for the phenomena involved in grammaticalization.…

Emphasizes sociolinguistic factors--the contexts of grammaticalization--which rarely play a role in the grammaticalization literature. Stresses the need to focus on the perspective of individual speakers as well as to address the issue of how extremely long-term trends in grammars can be replicated through the actions of speakers. (Author/VWL)

The disadvantage in producing the past tense of regular relative to irregular verbs shown by some patients with non-fluent aphasia has been alternatively attributed (a) to the failure of a specific rule-based morphological mechanism, or (b) to a more generalised phonological impairment that penalises regular verbs more than irregular owing to the…

In reading research, morphological processing and monomorphemic word identification have generally been treated separately. We describe a computational model that brings both kinds of reading together within a single framework. This model assumes that word knowledge-the orthography, phonology, and meaning of words-accumulates with experiences with…

It is difficult to transform research evidence into teacher practice; indeed it has been argued that educational research is not very useful to teachers. In this paper, we explore teacher knowledge about a relatively new area of research concerning the role morphemes play in spelling, and seek to transform their practice. We find that although…

It is difficult to transform research evidence into teacher practice; indeed it has been argued that educational research is not very useful to teachers. In this paper, we explore teacher knowledge about a relatively new area of research concerning the role morphemes play in spelling, and seek to transform their practice. We find that although…

This research examined the function within lexical access of the main morphemic units from which most Arabic words are assembled, namely roots and word patterns. The present study focused on the derivation of nouns, in particular, whether the lexical representation of Arabic words reflects their morphological structure and whether recognition of a…

We study the ability of children to provide an appropriate continuation for a stimulus sentence, taking into account the joint demands of situational aspect and grammatical aspect. We hypothesize that the aspectual transitions required by some aspectual combinations play a role in the difficulty of providing an appropriate continuation for them.…

How do we produce the past tenses of verbs? For the last 20 years this question has been the focal domain for conflicting theories of language, knowledge representation, and cognitive processing. On one side of the debate have been similarity-based or single-route approaches that propose that all past tenses are formed simply through phonological…

Hudson (1990) proposes that each conjunct in a coordinate phrase forms dependency relations with heads or dependents outside the coordinate phrase (the "multi-head" view). This proposal is tested through corpus analysis of Wall Street Journal text. For right-branching constituents (such as direct-object NPs), a short-long preference for conjunct…