Examines research into reforming the school-year calendar in both the United Kingdom and the United States. Discusses anticipated advantages, summer learning loss, and possible solutions. Describes the TARDIS (Time and Resource Distribution in Schools) Project. Planners must analyze learning needs and consult stakeholders before changing…

A current educational trend involves looking for ways to make the most efficient use of the time students spend in school. As schools embrace curricular reform, those on the front lines are reevaluating traditional beliefs about how schools are structured. This book contains a collection of articles that present information necessary to making a…

In 1973-74, the school board, faculty, and students in Buena Vista, Virginia, with the support of the Virginia State Board of Education, approved a single-track, four-quarter extended school schedule that provided year-round education at the high school level. This paper presents a review of the literature on year-round education and describes the…

There is no lack of debate regarding year-round schooling. Emotions run high when school districts tamper with the "traditional" agrarian school calendar and adapt a year-round calendar. This study examines one program in a multi-track year-round elementary school, a tutoring program delivered during the students' intersession. Through…

Prior to the 1940s, several communities in the United States had adopted year-round education (YRE). This paper presents an overview of YRE, including history, patterns of implementation, various calendars, intersession arrangements, pros and cons, and a list of areas to be addressed when considering YRE. Proponents of YRE argue that it enhances…

This study compared the academic math achievement of two homogeneous classes of gifted and talented sixth graders, with one group attending year-round school (N=22) and the other group following the traditional school calendar (N=26). Both groups were taught the same pre-algebra math program in the 1991-1992 school year, and data were gathered…

The National Education Commission on Time and Learning (NECT&L) is authorized by Public Law 102-62, the Education Council Act of 1991. The Commission is holding a series of hearings across the United States to examine the quality and adequacy of study and learning time of elementary and secondary students. This paper summarizes the evening…

This manual is intended for use by district officials undertaking analysis of the costs of year-round school (YRS) programs. To analyze the budgetary impact of YRS, it is necessary to determine the actual costs incurred with the YRS program and to compare these costs to expenses that would be incurred without the YRS program. A simulated…

This study involved the development and use of a cost model to assess the economic consequences of the introduction of a year-round school (YRS) program. The cost model has two components. First, a comprehensive accounting procedure details the costs unique to a year-round calendar and estimates the costs that would have been incurred if the…

A study of six paired schools in Prince William County, Virginia, involving schools at the elementary, middle, and high school levels operating on traditional and on year-round plans, revealed that given established attendance boundaries the schools were not operating at sufficient capacity to reduce costs through year-round operation. This report…

This report summarizes the Study of School Calendars in New York State. The Division of Research of the New York State Education Department was charged to study the effects of alternative school calendars on (1) energy conservation, (2) learning and retention of learning by students, (3) maximum utilization of school facilities, and (4) changing…

TO EVALUATE YEAR-ROUND SCHOOLS, POLK COUNTY, FLORIDA, SCHOOLS REQUESTED A STUDY OF THE LITERATURE ON YEAR-ROUND OPERATION OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS AND A NATIONWIDE SURVEY OF STATE DEPARTMENTS OF EDUCATION. NEW YORK, CALIFORNIA, AND FLORIDA WERE FOUND TO OPERATE SOME SCHOOLS ON A YEAR-ROUND BASIS. THREE OF SEVEN OUTLINED PLANS WERE SELECTED FOR SPECIAL…

This paper reviews the literature pertaining to the economic feasibility, public acceptance, and learning outcomes of year-round schools. Although much of the discussion is applicable to public schools throughout the United States, the author is mainly concerned with determining the suitability of a year-round school plan for the small Illinois…

This research brief is designed to introduce the legislator to the year-round school concept; what it is, how it works, and what kinds of State legislation may be needed to facilitate implementation of year-round school programs. The publication looks at the history of year-round schools and presents selected year-round school designs, including…

This report is a detailed budget analysis of projected costs of three school calendars, including a 45-15 extended year operation, for an elementary school in Brick Town, New Jersey. The purpose of the report is to estimate the fiscal effects of the 45-15 extended school year operation to determine whether such a method of operation is more cost…