Recent research on self-concept has focused on understanding the self in its specific dimensions or in relation to specific roles or situations. Studies on specific self-concept suggest that specific selves may show more stability than global self-concept. This study explored the situationally specific self-concept of participants in a…

This paper discusses how outdoor recreation and education personnel can work with the laws, regulations, patterns, and vagaries of educational and institutional permitting on public lands in the United States. The difference between a permit and a management plan is defined: a permit authorizes a specific activity with restrictions of amount,…

An increasing number of adventure facilitators are being trained in school settings. The common form of training consists of modeling the appropriate behavior to new facilitators followed by an apprenticeship period. An attempt was made to determine if adventure facilitators were making ethically correct decisions based upon their knowledge and…

Describes the wilderness adventure experience for offenders at Santa Fe Mountain Center. The experience can reveal a composite picture of a client's global personality in the way s/he responds to tasks, demands, and stimuli. An example of a client evaluation is provided. (ERB)

Addresses Outward Bound's redirection and rededication of service by taking a closer look at Hahn's philosophy of service and the models provided by various service-learning programs outside of Outward Bound. Examples which highlight major issues involved are Outward Bound Living/Learning Term and Tucker Foundation at Dartmouth College. (ERB)

Leisure bereft of all stress is action without purpose. Maximum motivation and gratification are achieved when a balance is achieved between abilities and responsibilities. Stress is an essential leisure ingredient that provides meaning and clarity to social experience. (CJ)

Uses the scenario of a women's adventure therapy trip to illustrate theoretical and practical information about "basic" therapeutic communication skills with participants in outdoor adventure settings. Discusses gender-based language style (women's "tentative" language), issues of physical and emotional safety, a philosophical…

The impact of adventure learning (n=345) was measured on teamwork attitudes that are moderated by two attitudes, using the Singaporean concept of kiasu. Higher Kiasu-negative attitudes (preventing others from getting ahead of oneself) were associated with more improved team task participation and social support. (Contains 34 references.) (JOW)

Questionnaires completed by 54 human resource development graduate students who participated in a low-ropes activity indicated that it enhanced learning of course concepts. Students thought that effective facilitation of the activity contributed to their learning. (Contains 39 references.) (SK)

Examines the current trend of adventure education as a form of management and leadership training for corporate executives. Discusses the benefits of experiential education for executives and influential people. Considers potential problems related to ethics, safety, and quality control across programs. (SV)

Suggests possible responses for summer camp operators facing insurance rate increases and other insurance industry changes. Examines areas of risk in summer camping and suggests general ways that camps can become more desirable to the insurance industry as "insurable groups." (TES)

Experienced teams competing in multiple adventure activities, several of which involved ropes, kept their harnesses on all day. Safety procedures included an initial check of buckles and harnesses by an instructor, but failed to recognize that participants would remove their harnesses for toilet purposes. Lists other possible safety errors for…

Ropes and other challenge courses can be important tools in treatment and rehabilitation strategies for people with disabilities. Making challenge courses accessible to people of all abilities fosters integration and acceptance of disabled persons. Suggestions for building or modifying courses for accessibility are provided. (SV)

Considers challenge programs as treatment for adult offenders, focusing on APPEL (Adult Probation Positive Experiential Learning) program. Describes development of such offender programs, discusses how particular activities might be used to increase probationers' receptivity to traditional treatment services, examines reasons for apparent success…

Discusses the characteristics of "good" and "bad" games used in adventure- or experiential-education settings. Good games are simultaneously familiar and exotic; have minimal rules and no clothing requirements; have an achievable "flow state"; and are cooperative, challenging, and accepting of failure that advances the group's problem-solving…