Psychometricians working in factor analysis and econometricians working in regression with measurement error in all variables are both interested in the rank of dispersion matrices under variation of diagonal elements. This paper reviews both fields; points out various small errors; and presents a methodological comparision of factor analysis and…

Data were simulated to conform to covariance patterns taken from personnel selection literature. Incomplete data matrices were treated by four methods. Treated matrices were subjected to multiple regression analyses. Resulting regression equations were compared to equations from original, complete data. Results supported using covariate…

Two methods of constucting equal-interval scales for educational achievement are discussed: Thurstone's absolute scaling method and Item Response Theory. Alternative criteria for choosing a scale are contrasted. It is argued that clearer criteria are needed for judging the appropriateness and usefulness of alternative scaling procedures.…

Prior standardization of scores when an aggregate score is formed has been criticized. This article presents a demonstration of the effects of differential weighting of aggregate components that clarifies the need for prior standardization. The role of standardization in statistics and the use of aggregate scores in research are discussed.…

A simple quasi-experimental design is described which may have utility in a variety of applied and laboratory research settings where ordinarily the one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design might otherwise be the procedure of choice. The design approaches the internal validity of true experimental designs while optimizing external…

This paper describes a BASIC computer program that computes power for any combination of effect size, degrees of freedom for hypothesis, degrees of freedom for error, and alpha level. As a consequence of the algorithm, an approximation to the critical value of the Bonferroni F-test is also computed. (Author/JAZ)

This paper points out the logical, theoretical, and statistical problems associated with the computation of the "pooled-within" correlation coefficient in partially segregated educational systems. (Author/LMO)

Maximum likelihood procedures are presented for a general model to unify the various models and techniques that have been proposed for item analysis. Unconditional maximum likelihood estimation, proposed by Wright and Haberman, and conditional maximum likelihood estimation, proposed by Rasch and Andersen, are shown as important special cases. (JAZ)

This article describes a Bayesian framework for estimation in item response models, with two-stage distributions on both item and examinee populations. Strategies for point and interval estimation are discussed, and a general procedure based on the EM algorithm is presented. (Author/LMO)

The applicability of a new multiple-group factor analysis of dichotomous variables is shown and contrasted with the item response theory approach to item bias analysis. Situations are considered where the same set of test items has been administered to more than one group of examinees. (Author/BS).

Procedures for assessing the invariance of factors across data sets often use the least squares criterion, which appears to be too restrictive. Tucker's coefficient of congruence is proposed as an alternative. A method that maximizes the sum of the coefficients of congruence between two matrices of loadings is presented. (Author/JKS)

The use of Bayesian theory to connect ordinal data and ordered scale points with the theory of order statistics is presented. Exact and approximate multivariate and marginal densities for the scale points are derived. (Author/JKS)

Generally, this paper aims to: (1) provide clarification, quantification, and some mathematical analysis to the statistical problem of restricted range in a college admissions situation; and (2) discuss various questions related to the problem of selection strategies. (Author/PN)

A procedure for determining the reliability of an examinee knowing k out of n possible multiple choice items given his or her performance on those items is presented. Also, a scoring procedure for determining which items an examinee knows is presented. (Author/JKS)

Comparison of black and white men in the experienced civilian labor force between 1972 and 1973 shows that race and class have become less important in the occupational hierarchy. Statistical tables are included. (ND)