Position adopted in this study was that the underlying structure of what has been thought of as the masculinity-femininity variable is multidimensional, that a more valid description of MF would thus reveal a pattern and not a score. (Authors)

Research supported by the Cooperative Research Program, U.S. Office of Education. (DS)

Studied the relationships between the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI), the Personality Research Form ANDRO and the short BSRI in connection with adjustment in 122 college men. Results include findings that: (1) anxiety and depression marked a single adjustment factor; and (2) the Short BSRI index of expressiveness behaved differently from the other…

Reports responses of 399 midwestern eighth-graders to a questionnaire consisting of stereotypes concerning women's roles, traits of working men and women, and the masculinity/femininity of 20 common occupations. (SJL)

Discusses how we become gendered through our culture and provides a classroom analysis of a teacher working with boys to get them to see themselves as literate in ways that are usually eschewed by boys who achieve hegemonic masculinity. Concludes with a definition of critical literacy that is considered relevant to the teaching of literacies to…

Addresses the problems associated with constructing masculinity as a monolithic category, and offers a particular pedagogical approach designed to open up the examination, legitimation, and valorization of alternative subject positions for high school boys in the English classroom. The author also translates feminist poststructural theoretical…

Reports on a study of the perceived masculinity, femininity, or androgyny of young Canadian boys and teacher attitudes toward those students. Concludes that students whom teachers perceived as masculine were more likely to be labeled aggressive, whereas more apparently feminine or androgynous boys were seen by teachers as more prosocial. (SG)

Examines machismo (strict adherence to traditional masculine gender identity) in terms of Bem's gender schema theory. Uses the example of a Mexican immigrant family facing social and cultural changes to demonstrate the dynamics of machismo and how it might lead to emotional problems and physical symptoms in Hispanic men and their families.…

Examines the relationship between college students' gender roles and attitudes toward rape for 145 male and 374 female students. Responses to a scenario questionnaire suggest that women and men view acquaintance rape differently and that men may experience more attitude change resulting from an awareness workshop than do women. (SLD)

Examines pressures on extant definitions of fatherhood from economic globalization. Maintains that men at both ends of the social scale have found it difficult fulfilling the traditional breadwinner role. Notes many in developed countries see the growing incidence of "fatherless families" as a major crisis. Concludes it is important to…

In a case study, three women superintendents say their Texas communities viewed the superintendency as suitable for a white, middle-aged, conservative, married man committed to keeping taxes low. Their observations on subtle and blatant manifestations of androcentric culture may provide grist for feminist research. Corrective measures are…

Assessed the relative contribution of gender and gender role orientation to empathy and its development in 119 Israeli 8th and 11th graders. When the contribution of masculinity/femininity was covaried, empathy was found unrelated to gender. Findings are discussed in terms of socialization of emotions and gender role orientation. (SLD)

Suggests that contemporary gendered power relations are complex, highlighting female British elementary students who assumed varied positions in relation to traditional femininities, though they all occasionally bolstered boys' power at the expense of their own. Students viewed girls as harder working, more mature, and more socially skilled, yet…

Drawing from interviews with adolescent boys ages 15-17 who attend a co-educational high school in Perth, Western Australia, explores the ways in which boys fashion their masculinities. Uses Foucault's claims about the production of subjectivity to investigate the norms informing the boys' conduct. Considers implications for addressing issues of…