Suggests ways in which a teacher can change the learning task to suit the student's level of development. References. (VJ)

A phonemic orthography poses serious problems for students from oral cultures, in part due to the very structure of such orthographies and in part due to negative transference from English spelling habits. A syllabic orthography minimizes the structural problems at the level of decoding, but is an obstacle to morpheme recognition and grammatical…

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THREE APPROACHES TO TEACHING BEGINNING READING AND THE INFLUENCE OF AN ORAL LANGUAGE STIMULATION PROGRAM ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN IS REPORTED IN THE FIRST-YEAR REPORT OF A 2-YEAR INTERVENTION STUDY. SUBJECTS WERE 608 FIRST-GRADE PUPILS FROM 12 ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN AN INNER-CITY AREA. THE THREE EXPERIMENTAL…

THE PEABODY-CHICAGO-DETROIT READING PROJECT, A 3-YEAR PROJECT, COMPARED SIX APPROACHES FOR BEGINNING READING INSTRUCTION TO YOUNG EDUCABLE MENTAL RETARDATES--(1) THE LANGUAGE-EXPERIENCE APPROACH (LE) USING TRADITIONAL ORTHOGRAPHY (TO), (2) LE USING I/T/A, (3) THE BASAL READER APPROACH (BR) USING TO, (4) BR USING I/T/A, (5) BR USING THE REBUS, AN…

THIS VOLUME OF THE 1966 HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY READING CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS ADVANCES THE THESIS THAT THE SUCCESS OF THE SCHOOL READING PROGRAM DEPENDS ON THE COOPERATIVE EFFORTS OF THE SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS, THE TEACHERS, AND THE PARENTS. TEN ARTICLES DESCRIBE THE ADMINISTRATOR'S ROLE IN SELECTING THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE SCHOOL READING PROGRAM, IN…

In discussing instructional approaches to reading, this book offers several definitions of reading and discusses teaching techniques, including early methods, the basal approach, and recent trends, among them the phonics approach, the linguistics approach, the language experience approach, the initial teaching alphabet, individualized reading,…

To determine if children who have been taught to read using the i.t.a. would write stories with a vocabulary more nearly approaching the variety and extent of their oral vocabulary than would children who had been taught traditional orthography (T.O.), comparisons were made between 82 experimental (i.t.a.) and 80 control (T.O.) subjects matched on…

The Cooperative Reading Project was a 2-year study designed to test the effectiveness of three initial reading approaches and an oral language stimulation program with inner-city Southern disadvantaged children. This followup study looked for differences among the treatment groups after pupils had completed their third school year. The 354…

A series of lessons designed to explain what the Initial Teaching Alphabet (i.t.a.) is and to prepare prospective teachers of i.t.a. materials and methods as thoroughly as possible is presented. The eight lessons of the course, for each of which a separate booklet is provided, include the following: (1) The difficulties of traditional orthography…

Two topics related to teaching reading are presented. The first reports findings of research on the initial teaching alphabet (i.t.a.). Between September, 1961, and April, 1963, four- and five-year-old children were introduced to the new medium in six termly intakes. Data on the first three groups to enter are reported. After 1 year of being…

This study investigated (1) whether symbol-symbol correspondences are learned better when imbedded in whole words or when presented individually and (2) the effect of these two instructional methods on transfer from an experimental transitional writing system (TWS) to traditional orthography (TO). Thirty-five undergraduates were randomly assigned…

This manual, designed to follow "Spanish Alphabet Book 1," presents a Spanish phonetic reading program for children beginning to learn how to read. It contains an alphabet chart with pictures which symbolize words using the sounds of the respective letters. Other pages are devoted completely to the sounds of the vowels, reinforced with common…

This book reviews research on the teaching of elementary reading and summarizes the research in such a way as to make it useful to the elementary school teacher. A number of methods and procedures of instruction are considered. The first chapter discusses when to begin reading and general topics related to teaching young children, and the second…

Descriptions of reading programs and services related to elementary reading instruction in 16 Washington, D.C. schools are included in this report. Data are reported for grade levels only and combines information for all schools. Basal readers are the most commonly used materials, with approaches used with these materials varying greatly across…