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Download full textBruininks, Robert H.; Clark, Charlotte – 1970
To determine the efficacy of auditory, visual and combined auditory-visual modes of presenting verbal material, 12 first-grade, 12 third-grade and 12 fifth-grade children were tested on paired associates lists presented under visual, auditory and combined auditory-visual conditions. Pictures rather than printed words were used as visual stimuli to…
Descriptors: Auditory Stimuli, Aural Learning, Elementary Education, Learning Modalities
Osborne, John W.; Farley, Frank H. – 1971
In two separate paired-associate learning experiments each employing 40 university students as subjects, the contribution of individual differences (IDs) in arousal to short- and long-term retention was investigated using IDs in salivary response to lemon juice stimulation as an index of arousal. Experimental subjects were pre-selected out of 184…
Descriptors: Arousal Patterns, College Students, Experimental Psychology, Individual Differences
Taylor, Arthur M. – 1970
The reports of eight studies testing the effects of elaboration on the learning of children are compiled in this document. Mental elaboration is "thinking while learning" which occurs as the learner actively adds context to the material he is asked to process. Supplied elaboration, included in these studies, occurs when the learner is provided…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, College Students, Elementary School Students, Learning Processes
Smith, Helen K., Ed. – 1968
This bulletin is a compilation of papers dealing with the role of perceptual functions in reading and reading difficulties that were delivered at the 1966-67 Convention of the International Reading Association. Various sections are devoted to discussions of and reports of research on such matters as the auditory and visual modalities in reading,…
Descriptors: Auditory Perception, Learning Modalities, Paired Associate Learning, Perception
Marsh, George; Desberg, Peter – 1973
This paper reviews some recent research on the component skills necessary to learn to read by phonic techniques. The review is divided into four sections, each relating research on one of the skills necessary for novel word decoding. The four skill areas are: (1) learning invariant grapheme-phoneme correspondences; (2) relating the isolated letter…
Descriptors: Beginning Reading, Decoding (Reading), Orthographic Symbols, Paired Associate Learning
Taylor, Arthur M.; And Others – 1971
The effects of two types of elaboration training (imagery and sentence generation) on the paired associate learning of 32 educable mentally retarded children (aged 9 to 13 years were compared over two levels of verbalization (none and overt). Each S was first tested on a warmup list, then trained to generate elaborations, and finally given two…
Descriptors: Children, Exceptional Child Research, Imagery, Learning
Anderson, Dennis L. – 1972
An examination of models which have been employed in making predictions about the interference effect is made. It is pointed out that investigators mainly have relied upon the paired-associate model borrowed from classical studies in the field of verbal learning. This basic paradigm, represented as A-B, A-C, A-B, has produced fairly consistent…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Interference (Language), Language Acquisition, Learning Processes
GAETH, JOHN H. – 1966
THIS STUDY WAS THE SECOND PART OF AN INVESTIGATION OF VERBAL LEARNING IN CHILDREN, THE FIRST PART BEING CONCERNED WITH THE EFFECTS OF AUDITORY, VISUAL, AND COMBINED AUDIOVISUAL PRESENTATIONS UPON THE LEARNING OF VARIOUS KINDS OF MATERIALS IN A PAIRED-ASSOCIATE PARADIGM. THIS PORTION OF THE STUDY INVOLVED AN EXTENSIVE INVESTIGATION OF THE…
Descriptors: Audiovisual Instruction, Aural Learning, Hearing Impairments, Learning Processes
BOHM, AUDREY M. – 1966
AN EXPERIMENT WAS DESIGNED TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT, WITH MATERIAL OF HIGH MEANINGFULNESS, THE SEMANTIC DIMENSION OF SYNONYMITY (BATTLE-FIGHT) WILL HAVE GREATER IMPACT ON THE LEARNING PROCESS THAN THE DIMENSION OF FORMAL SIMILARITY (BATTLE-BOTTLE). THE LEARNING MATERIALS CONSISTED OF FOUR LISTS OF 12 PAIRS OF TWO-SYLLABLE WORDS. THEY WERE…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Instructional Materials, Learning Processes, Learning Theories
Peer reviewedBurger, Agnes Lin; Blackman, Leonard S. – American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1976
The ability of 45 educable mentally retarded children (mean CA-11 years) to acquire and retain a mediational strategy for paired associate learning was demonstrated by a training procedure which consisted of the sequencing of consecutive lists under varying degrees of mediational facilitation. (Author/CL)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Elementary Education, Exceptional Child Research, Learning Processes
Imagery and Verbal Mediation in Paired-Associate Learning of Educable Mentally Retarded Adolescents.
Peer reviewedBurger, Agnes L.; Blackman, L. S. – Journal of Mental Deficiency Research, 1978
Descriptors: Eidetic Imagery, Exceptional Child Education, Learning Processes, Mediation Theory
Peer reviewedKratochwill, Thoman R.; And Others – Contemporary Educational Psychology, 1978
The stimuli in two artificial letter learning experiments varied in print size and dimensionality. Preschool children made the least errors when the stimuli were three dimensional, large print, and the children were directed to manipulate the letters. Replication with kindergarten children failed to show any differences among the treatments.…
Descriptors: Dimensional Preference, Early Childhood Education, Kindergarten Children, Letters (Alphabet)
Peer reviewedKennedy, Stephen P.; Suzuki, Nancy S. – American Educational Research Journal, 1977
Noun-pair learning in twelfth graders was assessed as a function of ethnicity, I.Q., and instructional conditions. Learners instructed to generate sentences performed better than control group learners. The relationship between instructional conditions and I.Q. was significant, but ethnicity was not. Spontaneous elaboration is discussed as a…
Descriptors: Anglo Americans, Ethnic Groups, High Schools, Intelligence Differences
Peer reviewedKnafle, June D.; Legenza, Alice – American Educational Research Journal, 1978
Results varied as a function of : (1) type of task (transfer, paired associate, or visual discrimination); (2) student age (kindergarten, first grade, or college); (3) stimuli size; and (4) number of response indicators. Research findings cannot be generalized from artificial orthographies to the English alphabet or from various aged subjects to…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Higher Education, Letters (Alphabet), Orthographic Symbols
Peer reviewedAugust, Gerald J.; Rychlak, Joseph F. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1978
Fifth-grade children prerated both abstract and concrete nouns for likability, and paired-associate lists were constructed by pairing nouns. High self-concept children learned liked noun pairs more efficiently than disliked pairs, while the low self-concept children learned disliked noun pairs more readily. These self-concept patterns were most…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Cognitive Style, Difficulty Level, Intelligence Quotient
