Critical Language Awareness (CLA) instruction can and should be a part of K-12 education. This study reports on a CLA unit taught to Spanish-English bilingual 5th graders enrolled in a dual language bilingual classroom in the southwest U.S. Scores from a pretest and three posttests administered throughout the school year were compared to peer…

This article draws on qualitative data from a Two-Way Immersion Spanish environment classroom to explore how African American students lived experiences, language, and cultural practices are regulated and/or constrained. Drawing on the theoretical framework of Bahktin's heteroglossia and raciolinguistics, the authors present two distinct…

Purpose: Building on research in educational leadership, dual language leadership, and leader identity development, this study examines how principals of schools with dual language immersion (DLI) strands perceive and enact their leadership roles and identities. As DLI strands proliferate in schools and districts, this research contributes to…

This exploratory study examines the relationship between executive functioning (EF) skills and the development of first (L1) and second language (L2) skills of preschool students. The participants of this study are enrolled in a French immersion program offered at an inclusion school combining students with disabilities (special needs) and those…

The use of the Spanish pronouns of address "tú" and "usted" is an intricate matter for L2 learners due to the many factors that influence their selection at the discourse and interactional level. Although the literature has traditionally focused on the challenges experienced by L1-English learners of L2-Spanish in learning…

This study investigates the integration of content and language in a Mandarin immersion program, focusing on the interplay between teacher beliefs and pedagogical practices. It examines how these practices align or diverge from teachers' stated educational ideologies through interviews, observations, and a questionnaire. This qualitative case…

Specialized learning institutions (SLIs) feature organizational cultures, learning environments, and Postgraduation expectations that typically differ from traditional 4-year universities. For students pursuing foreign language (FL) study within an SLI, coursework is frequently accompanied by a range of nonacademic tasks that are required for…

Little systematic attention has been paid toward belonging for young children, particularly in contexts of diversity that are regularly part of school settings. Two-Way immersion (TWI) programs provide one educational context ideally suited for exploring the constructs of belonging and inclusion in linguistically and culturally diverse settings.…

Rich oral language practices, including the opportunity and ability to participate in cognitively and linguistically challenging extended discourse, are foundational to early literacy development. To meet children's needs in their first exposure to the languages of schooling, educators may engage students in extended discourse multilingually. The…

This paper highlights Kanien'kéha (Mohawk language) "adult immersion" as an effective and expedient program structure for creating second-language (L2) speakers and argues that concentrated efforts to strengthen and expand adult immersion are essential in advancing Kanien'kéha revitalization. By conducting a comprehensive vitality…

The ability to develop and employ competent leaders with a global understanding has and continues to be a major challenge facing today's universities and professional workforce. To effectively lead within today's globalized society, it is imperative that leadership skills and knowledge relevant to international contexts be included within the…

In a world of immersive behaviors, why not immerse students in words, vocabulary, and language to improve their reading skills. Reading immersion will improve the learners' reading skills and comprehension across the curriculum in all subjects. Many strategies could be pulled from various immersion techniques used in other areas to employ reading…

In a world of immersive behaviors, why not immerse students in words, vocabulary, and language to improve their reading skills? Reading immersion will improve the learners' reading skills and comprehension across the curriculum in all subjects. To employ this reading immersion, several strategies could be pulled from various immersion techniques…

This theoretical article, with recommendations for practice, interrogates how the field discusses dual language bilingual education (DLBE) models in the United States, with international implications for bilingual, immersion, and content and language integrated learning contexts. We reconceptualize the equity problems and potentials of so-called…

Although several studies highlight the benefit of short-term immersion programs abroad among social work students, few studies have examined their transformative nature. In response, this study aimed to describe the transformative change experienced by MSW students from the Southwest USA who participated in a short-term, immersion program in…