This publication is part of a curriculum series developed by the Regional Marine Science Project for use by teachers and administrators. Field work and field trips, being advocated as an integral part of the curriculum, are explained at length. The rationale and techniques of field ecology are offered relating them to the need for field trips and…

Focusing upon a working knowledge of ecological principles as a requisite for today's society, this teacher's guide suggests numerous field studies which make pertinent use of these principles. It is designed to serve as an aid in planning student-centered activities which allow for understanding and improving the ecosystem in which they are an…

A sample of 54 subjects, representing four levels of management in a chain of retail stores, participated in an experimental study of the effects of channel of communication (face-to-face, telephone, and written) and anonymity on satisfaction with, and distortion of, upward communication. Results indicated that the channel used led to significant…

To facilitate cross-cultural inquiry, there is a strong desire for precise definitions of movement based upon strictly specified criteria. Although unresolved, much of the concern expressed could be met if definitions are acknowledged to reflect the nature of the research problem, and to vary with the level of inquiry. (Author)

This report of empirical information gathered from institutions in the public library network during a brief visit to Vietnam includes descriptions of the National Library, its classification scheme, the National Bibliography, the Library Council, the Hanoi People's Library, the Saigon National Library (now National Library No. 2), and the Social…

The comparability of experimental and comparison groups, problems in sampling and matching, existence of uncontrolled differences and their statistical treatment, and problems of client mobility and experimental control are discussed and illustrated by examples from an evaluation project. (Author)

Analyzes attitudinal differences between elite decision-makers and their subordinates, based on a several-year study of eight executives. Concludes that elite decision-makers evaluate situations in terms of "problem impact," view their jobs in relation to broad corporate goals, favor quick decisions, and tend to be "positive thinkers." (JG)

Techniques for field observation take into account such variables as intention, action, and situation, which are neglected by the stimulus-response model. One field technique, direct observation, is discussed in detail. (Author/STS)

Participant experience is a research method dialogically based on respect for the child. Researchers step inside the landscape of the child to share a life-form. Through an engaged body-presence they experience the atmosphere and meanings from within as they are perceived in a common horizon. (Author/LHW)

Describes how an educational anthropologist's study objectives developed during fieldwork conducted in a fundamentalist Christian school and community. Asserts that this narrative reflects the strong relation of problem finding to problem solving in the practice of naturalistic inquiry. (KH)

Investigated changes in the helping relationship between eighth- and first-grade students during a semester-long cross-age tutoring project. Results are reported for eight categories of behavioral interaction: on task, prompting and guiding, praise and encouragement, adjusting to the child's needs, managing behavior problems, allowing autonomous…

This article provides an overview of the teaching of evaluation across the disciplines noting changes that have occurred in the last 20 years, identifying common topics covered in a range of program evaluation courses, and discussing issues of course design and content that confront the experienced and novice instructor. (LMO)

Since evaluation has its roots in many disciplines, teaching evaluation from an interdisciplinary perspective offers special potential. A course in the Social Ecology Program at the University of California, Irvine, which provides students with the skills, knowledge, and field experiences necessary for conducting effective evaluation studies is…

This article reports major conclusions and implications of a national field study of trained and experienced psychotherapists. The study suggests psychotherapy effectiveness is generally minimal. These conclusions are primarily different from and not as positive as a similar but separate study of rehabilitation counselors and their clients.…

This paper presents an analytical framework for selecting and matching assistive technology to learners with a disability. The purpose of this paper is to analyze assistive technology literature for students with disabilities. The literature search rendered N=57 literature and n=17 manuscripts were identified in the special education technology…