Business firms are an integral part of the age stratification structure of society. Although the age structures of people and roles within the organization are dynamic, these structures yield a fairly stable strata in which norms exist to suggest the various roles expected of certain persons. Those in roles with greater financial rewards, power,…

The role of the school counselor as defined by counselors and counselor educators is not always consistent with the role expectations held by students, parents, and administrators. Two research studies were conducted to develop a model curriculum for the preparation of secondary school counselors. The first was a national survey of school…

As preventative and remediative activities in the human services are impacted by reduced funding, the worth of such activities is increasingly questioned. A metropolitan school district School Social Work Department recently initiated an evaluability assessment to focus on an extensive process in which social work staff and school administrators…

This paper describes a part of the LONG-project in Sweden, a study of the long-term ideological effects of higher education on students' notions of their surrounding world. Extending from 1978 to 1982, the main study of the LONG-project involved followup studies on 100 students representing four professional study programs: business administration…

This paper reports the findings of a qualitative study examining the role of digital teaching portfolios in teachers' professional development and classroom practice. The participants, all teachers, took part in a formal course in which they develop a digital teaching portfolio. The findings suggest that the processes involved in creating digital…

In 1974, as part of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) survey in writing, 4,600 17-year-old high school students were asked to write an essay defending their position on women's place in the home. About half responded that it should be a women's choice whether to be a homemaker, career woman, or both. About twenty percent said…

This book contains a collection of essays on the subject of women, sport, and society. Literature on this topic is reviewed from the feminist viewpoint. The prologue offers a history of women's participation in sports from ancient Greece to the present. The essential thesis is advanced that, over the centuries, social norms have permitted sport…

In most schools the duties of the principal are not defined. A principal who is concerned with improvement of the instructional program has a wide range of roles to play. However, feelings run strong in the controversy over whether principals can or ought to be instructional leaders in their schools. Lack of time, power, clear role definition, and…

Since women compose nearly half the labor market and are expected to continue to be a major component, the variables which affect women's career choices are of considerable interest. The effect of role models on attitudes related to career aspirations was examined for female college freshmen. Experimental subjects (N=75) were provided with role…

Superintendents and principals from 50 Pennsylvania school districts were asked to complete two questionnaires each to test, first, the relationships between superintendents' and principals' role conflict and ambiguity and, second, the relationship between superintendents' role conflict and ambiguity and their perceptions of their districts'…

Information processing, beliefs, and motivations can be coupled with the principle of causal attributions to provide a framework for assessing the causes to which individuals attribute their own behavior. For example, an elderly man who forgets to buy something at the store presents himself with an identity based on cultural stereotypes--in this…

A perception of "faculty power" frequently expressed during consultant/consultee interactions is analyzed, and approaches to dealing with the perception and also meeting the consultation objectives are suggested. This commonly expressed perception is that faculty hold untested strength that should not be bothered, challenged, or antagonized. In a…

Group activities are outlined for a course for preservice and inservice teachers who wish to improve their skills in eliminating sex bias from their classroom and teaching practices. Program materials were developed around a three-phase training model. The first phase focused on increasing awareness of the pervasiveness of stereotyping in society.…

The Charlotte-Mecklenburg (North Carolina) school system has a locally funded teacher center, the Teaching Learning Center (TLC), and school-based advisors called Coordinating Teachers (CTs), who provide nonevaluative instructional and curriculum support to teachers. The possibility of linking the TLC and CTs more closely to provide increased…

A conceptual model is presented to examine the hypothesis that androgyny is advantageous to the psychological well-being of both females and males in American society. A format for the multi-dimensional assessment of both sex-role components and indices of well-being is proposed, and possibilities for exploring the interface between these sets of…