The confidence level (information-referenced testing; IRT) design is an attempt to improve upon the multiple choice format by allowing students to express a level of confidence in the answers they choose. In this study, the author evaluated student perceptions of the ease of use and accuracy of and general preference for traditional multiple…

The present investigation was intended to provide information on the type of strategies employed by learning disabled (LD) students on standardized, group-administered achievement test items. Of particular interest was level of strategy effectiveness and possible differences in strategy use between LD and non-disabled students. Students attending…

Investigates whether readers comprehend a text better when it is displayed conventionally (on printed pages) or computer-mediated (offering the reader access to additional information, or controlling the reader's processing of the text). Comprehension scores were significantly higher for readers of the computer-mediated, computer-assisted texts.…

Investigates the circumstances under which answer changing is beneficial or detrimental to test performance. Analyzes the success of answer changing in relation to the reasons offered for changing. Concludes that students who reported guessing as their reason for changing answers were not nearly as likely to benefit from changing as were students…

Study was designed to provide some indication as to whether the gain in test reliability from confidence scoring results from relevant or irrelevant sources. If the increase in reliability is the result of a gambling response style, it is conceivable that validity could actually decrease even though reliability is increased. (Authors/CB)

Data indicated that high percentages of fifth- through eighth-grade low achievers had high algorithm confidence for the operations of addition, subtraction, and multiplication. A substantial proportion in each grade expressed a low degree of confidence in their computational method for division. (CM)

To determine the extent of students' confidence-judgment accuracy (CJA) and the relationship of this memory-monitoring ability to overall test performance, undergraduates in a psychology course supplied confidence-judgments along with their answers on multiple-choice test items. CJA correlated positively with test performance. (Editor/SJL)

Croatian 1st-year and 3rd-year high-school students (N = 170) completed a conceptual physics test. Students were evaluated with regard to two physics topics: Newtonian dynamics and simple DC circuits. Students answered test items and also indicated their confidence in each answer. Rasch analysis facilitated the calculation of three linear…

In this article, the authors introduce 3 different course formats for teaching management consulting at the university. On the basis of data from self-evaluation questionnaires from 159 students, the authors analyze effectiveness of these course designs in raising the self-confidence of participants to cope with the kind of tasks typically faced…

A conceptual framework of a process by which persons assess and express levels of sureness in the correctness of responses which they anticipate making--or having already made but not yet received knowledge of results--is proposed. It is hypothesized that the rate at which a person's behavior is modified by knowledge of results is affected by the…

This paper presents the development of scoring functions for use in conjunction with standard multiple-choice items. In addition to the usual indication of the correct alternative, the examinee is to indicate his personal probability of the correctness of his response. Both linear and quadratic polynomial scoring functions are examined for…

The characteristics of three threshold loss agreement indices which reflect the agreement or consistency in assignment to mastery-nonmastery status are reviewed. These are proportion of agreement, coefficient kappa, and modified kappa. (Author/MT)

Discusses and applies to data models of juror decision making that make explicit what has been implicit in most previous theorizing about jury behavior--namely, a decision criterion and a distribution of apparent weight of evidence. (Author/RK)

Examines how well students remember information presented through computer-assisted instruction as a function of a self-reference strategy. Memory test scores and student confidence levels were significantly higher for self-reference students. Confidence level had a relatively high correlation with the total memory test score. Amount of time spent…