An extreme view of language acquisition sees base structures as innate, and acquisition of the grammar of a particular language as a process of learning the transformation rules needed to get from base structures to surface structures of adult native speakers. Base structures are understood to most resemble simple-active-affirmative-declarative…

The competence of school-aged, black children in standard English (SE) grammatical forms, specifically, six verb structures that distinguish Black English from SE, is the focus of this study. The subjects were 198 kindergarten, first-grade, and second-grade black children who attend four Title I schools in the New York City metropolitan area.…

The second volume in this series contains three articles dealing with various aspects of Romanian-English contrastive analysis. The first articles, "The Contrastive Morphophonology of Romanian and English," by Anca Belchita-Hartular, aims at a descriptive analysis of the phonological aspect of inflection in Romanian and English, in an attempt to…

The problem of determining the grammatical status of predicate words in Russian is examined in this article. The contrast between the morphological heterogeneity and the seemingly uniform function of predicative forms has led to the postulation of a new part of speech described as the "category of state". However, the status of predicate words as…

Samples of written language were collected from 140 congenitally deaf children at grade levels 3, 5, 7, and 9. The samples were then subjected to error, quantitative, and transformational analysis. Findings suggested a relationship between the order in which the deaf child acquires the rules of his language and the ordering of rules in a…

This teacher's manual is designed to help the elementary school teacher understand and teach modern linguistics successfully in the classroom. Instructional materials deal with linguistic approaches to (1) building sentences, with an emphasis on subject-verb agreement, the functions of the adjective in the sentence, and the insertion of new…

In one essay of this collection of four, Kenneth L. Pike explores the value of exercises which are based on axioms about language structure and which are designed specifically to develop writing competence; he lists eight tagmemic principles accompanied by suggested exercises. In another essay, Pike differentiates the roles of linguist and…

This manual is designed for instruction in English as a second language on the kindergarten and primary levels. The text includes a profile sheet for each student which provides for teacher identification of student academic needs and contains coordinated code numbers which indicate the prescribed instructional materials. These materials include…

This volume presents five languages of India-Nepal from four different language families: Halbi and Kupia (India) of the Indo-Aryan family, Parengi-Gorum (India) of the Munda family, Dhangar-Kudux (Nepal) of the Dravidian family, and Tamang (Nepal) of the Tibeto-Burman family. Papers are entitled "Semanitc Relations between Whole Propositions…

The modern German grammar approach stresses good usage not in isolation but in hearing, speaking, reading, and writing. Consequently, practice precedes analysis for the primary-level native learner. The child learns by demonstration what a sentence is and is then taught five parts of speech according to function: noun, verb, adjective, pronoun,…

This research project was carried out to test the hypothesis that symbolic logic instruction, if taught in a secondary school field situation in a way which included specific applications to argumentative composition, would effect greater improvement in composition and logical sentence analysis than if the students received little or no…

Sentence patterns are often crucial to the degree of understanding a child derives from the printed page, and if he is to fully understand what he reads, he must be able to analyze the written language patterns in which the information is conveyed. This study analyzed selected passages from three grade 4 basal reader series to determine which…

This study hypothesized that recent experience with a set of words is a strong influence on selecting words in an appropriate context where other lexical items are equally available for selection, i.e., recency training should significantly increase the probability of occurrence of words chosen to fill gaps in structured sentences. Two experiments…

This discussion considers the process of subject raising, which takes the constituent subject out of the complement clause and makes it a constituent of the matrix clause and the occurrence of this process in Japanese and in other subject-object-verb (SOV) languages. The first part of the paper demonstrates why subject raising is not a common…

This revised collection of 249 objectives and related evaluation items for kindergarten through twelfth grades is organized into two sections: (1) Grammatical Form, and (2) Sentence Analysis. This text departs from many traditional grammar materials by having parts of speech featured in two sections: (1) Form and word meaning (including comparison…