This article points out that the acculturation of students from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds is achieved primarily through language socialization. It examines the types of variation that must be addressed in working with students from diverse backgrounds, such as language code differences, conversational discontinuities, and…

This article offers a working definition and an overview of the critical components of collaborative consultation, including theoretical foundations, competencies, and model components. It focuses on the role of the speech language pathologist within various models and as a participant in a five-step problem-solving procedure. (DB)

A national survey of public school speech/language clinicians (n=1,145) assessed clinicians' services to limited English-proficient (LEP) children. Findings included 90% did not speak a second language, 76% had no previous coursework addressing LEP children, and Hispanics were the most commonly served. (Author/DB)

This study explored whether standard administration and scoring of conventional articulation tests accurately identified 20 children (ages 5-9) as phonologically disordered and whether test data established severity levels and programing needs. Tests correctly identified the phonological disorders but failed to reliably differentiate severity…

A survey of 50 state language coordinators, conducted to examine criteria for determining which students with developmental delays will receive language services, found that decisions were primarily made on a case-by-case basis. The paper discusses the relationship between language and cognitive development and theories of cognitive development of…

This article presents an overview of the literature on the cognitive hypothesis, which sees cognitive development as prerequisite to language development. It suggests that the cognitive hypothesis has had a significant influence on limiting eligibility of students with mental retardation for speech-language pathology services in schools.…

This article introduces general concepts of carry-over and then offers a collection of activities to foster carry-over of newly trained speech skills of students with hearing losses to natural communication situations. Activities vary from high to low structure and are based on either reading, pictures, objects, or interactive communication.…

A survey of 239 school-based speech-language pathologists revealed that respondents routinely supplement quantitative assessment procedures with language sample analyses, are sensitive to the effects of some contextual variables on sample representativeness, and use language sampling information to assist in planning intervention services.…

Music activities for use in public school speech-language therapy are described in theory and practice. Client, space and implementation considerations are discussed, as are uses of songs and more specific applications such as exercises for relaxation, body image, breathing, vocalization, articulation, and vocabulary/concept development.…

Survey data from 21 otolaryngologists (70 percent return rate) and 32 speech-language pathologists (46 percent return rate) in Maine found differences in opinions between the 2 professional groups concerning referral patterns and treatment of vocal nodules in children and adults. Attitudinal problems were found to hamper a teamwork approach for…

Two cooperative learning techniques are presented for achieving carryover of speech and language skills: a speech-language peer homework monitoring system; and a contractual system among the student, the clinician, and the student's class in which group contingencies foster cooperative interactions. (JDD)

An approach to enlisting the involvement of school personnel in fluency assessment and treatment programs is described. The approach involves observations of students in a variety of academic and social situations and information exchange meetings between clinician and school personnel. A classroom-based fluency program using collaborative service…

The lexical variables of word frequency and neighborhood density were hypothesized to facilitate sound change to varying degrees. Twelve children with functional phonological delays participated in an alternating-treatments experiment to promote sound change. Results indicated word frequency was most facilitative in sound change, whereas dense…

Describes practices and issues related to providing services for preschoolers with disabilities in inclusive early childhood classrooms. Identifies findings from research on developmentally appropriate practices. Discusses ways to integrate specialized services such as occupational therapy, physical therapy, and speech-language therapy into…

This epilogue to a series of articles addressing changes in speech-language pathology practices, discusses the influence of evidence-based approaches to clinical services. A bibliography of readings addressing English and Spanish phonology, spelling, recent regulations and guidelines, and evidence-based research and practices is appended.…