Data presented in this paper suggest that mentally retarded males are more likely to be institutionalized than retarded females, and that males tend to be institutionalized at earlier ages and for milder disorders. (Author/EB)

Investigated in this article are several factors that affect the annexation by central cities of urbanized areas to retain decentralized populations. A multivariate model of the responses of central cities to over- and underboundedness is presented and evaluated. (Author/EB)

It has been proposed that the Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status and its scoring criteria should be adjusted to utilize a half standard deviation cutoff. Evidence is provided to support the claim that less stringent criteria will lead to higher numbers classified while arriving at the same research results. This proposal is considered and,…

A general linear latent trait model for continuous item responses is described. The special unidimensional case for continuous item response is the model of K. G. Joreskog (1971) of congeneric item response. The correspondence between models for continuous and dichotomous item responses is shown to be closer than usually supposed. (SLD)

Using simulated and real data, this study compares the performance of three methodologies for assessing unidimensionality: (1) DIMTEST; (2) the approach of Holland and Rosenbaum; and (3) nonlinear factor analysis. All three models correctly confirm unidimensionality, but they differ in their ability to detect the lack of unidimensionality.…

Understanding that the behavior of people takes place within a context, over the past 20 years research in education and the sport sciences has witnessed an increasing development of multilevel frameworks that are both conceptually and methodologically sound. Despite these advances, the use of multilevel models and research designs in education…

Whether or not subjects can simulate mental retardation, a consideration that has implications in criminal cases, was studied using 21 adult Caucasian males between 20 and 30 years of age, largely comprised of students and staff employees of the University of New Mexico. Subjects were asked to give genuine and simulated responses to two major test…

C. L. Olson (1976, 1979) suggests the Pillai-Bartlett trace (V) as an omnibus multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test statistic for its superior robustness to heterogeneous variances. J. Stevens (1979, 1980) contends that the robustness of V, Wilk's lambda (W) and the Hotelling-Lawley trace (T) are similar, and that their power functions…

An attempt was made to determine which item response theory (IRT) equating method results in the least amount of equating error or "scale drift" when equating scores across one or more test forms. An internal anchor test design was employed with five different test forms, each consisting of 30 items, 10 in common with the base test and 5…

This study investigated the robustness of the James second-order test (James 1951; Wilcox, 1989) and the univariate F test under a two-factor fixed-effect analysis of variance (ANOVA) model in which cell variances were heterogeneous and/or distributions were nonnormal. With computer-simulated data, Type I error rates and statistical power for the…

Despite statewide standards, the accuracy of statistical data on dropouts reported by New Jersey schools appears to vary considerably from district to district. Moreover, statewide dropout rates differ significantly depending on the method of calculation used. Several different methodologies, which incorporate unverified information collected from…

This article contains statistical study of the 19th century Dutch immigration to the United States. Computer generated statistical data are interpreted analytically and general conclusions are offered. (Author/RM)

Reports on the relationship between role ambiguity and job satisfaction, job-related strain, propensity to leave, and need for role clarity. Includes various demographic variables in an effort to investigate constraints on studies of this type and investigates the differences in reactions of men and women respondents. (Author/IRT)

In this article, the effectiveness of field experience versus classroom experience was statistically compared in cognitive learning. Results indicated the need for a program consisting of four phases involving teacher inservice training, classroom development of advanced organization, outdoor experience, and classroom follow-up with further…

Canonical correlation analysis is a multivariate statistical model which facilitates the study of interrelationships among multiple dependent variables and multiple independent variables. It identifies components of one set of variables that are most highly related linearly to the components of the other set of variables. The underlying logic of…