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Longworth, Norman – Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 2004
Large numbers of people are personally disenfranchised from learning, often because of poor and uninspired experiences in educational institutions. And yet, as the first learning principle of the Rover Learning Company says, "Learning is the most natural human instinct." This paper discusses the need to learn and some of the tools and…
Descriptors: Lifelong Learning, Learning Motivation, Learning Strategies, Educational Benefits
van Kraayenoord, Christina E.; And Others – 1989
A study examined reading performance, metacognitive knowledge about reading, awareness of the conventions about print, perceptions of reading ability, and causal attributions for success and failure in reading of children with reading difficulties in Year 2 in Australia. One hundred children from the Brisbane region were involved in the…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Grade 2, Longitudinal Studies, Metacognition
Baker, Linda; Zimlin, Laurie – 1987
Noting that children evaluate their reading comprehension more effectively when they are informed about the standards of evaluation they should use, a study examined whether training in the use of certain standards would show generalization from one level of processing to the other, and also maintenance of standard use. The study also examined…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Elementary Education, Metacognition, Reader Text Relationship
Fantini, Alvino E. – 1987
Three aspects of bilingual code-switching are examined: (1) code-switching as an integral part of bilingual behavior, especially in early stages of language acquisition; (2) social factors influencing the child's ability to differentiate languages and make an appropriate language choice; and (3) hierarchical organization of these social factors,…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Case Studies, Child Language, Children
Miller, Gloria E. – 1982
A study was designed to improve fifth-graders' limited use of comprehension monitoring processes during reading through a self-instructional approach. Thirty-nine average and superior comprehenders were tested on their ability to detect inconsistencies contained in short essays prior to, immediately after, and one week after participation in one…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Comparative Analysis, Grade 5, Independent Study
Feeley, Joan T.; Wepner, Shelley B. – 1985
Using 33 college freshmen enrolled in a basic reading skills course as subjects, a study was conducted for two purposes: (1) to determine the effects of direct exposure to the topics of the selections in the New Jersey College Basic Skills Placement Test (NJCBSPT) on their posttest scores, and (2) to investigate whether students exposed to the…
Descriptors: Basic Skills, College Freshmen, Comparative Analysis, Higher Education
Shanahan, Timothy – 1984
To determine whether reading and writing are as closely related as commonly supposed, a study estimated the amount of overlap that exists between several components of reading and writing knowledge. Data were obtained from 256 second graders and 251 fifth graders. Reading measures included tests of phonics (word knowledge), vocabulary (lexical…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Educational Research, Elementary Education, Grade 2
Ashby-Davis, Claire – 1984
This paper outlines a development course on teaching critical thinking skills designed for both elementary and secondary teachers and supervisors. Improving a student's ability to use higher order intellectual skills has been recognized by national and state commissions as important in improving student achievement. To successfully improve the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation, Critical Thinking, Elementary School Teachers
Carnine, Douglas; Gersten, Russell – 1983
As a first step in developing a research program that united several individual strands of comprehension research, this paper describes studies that relate to the effectiveness of direct instruction. Various sections of the paper discuss the following topics: (1) variables in the direct instruction model, (2) teacher performance variables, (3)…
Descriptors: Directed Reading Activity, Metacognition, Reader Response, Reading Comprehension
Moon, R. Arden; And Others – 1989
This paper describes the process by which student teachers in field experience programs transform present experience into personal knowledge through experiential learning. The paper is guided by the contemporary understandings about languaging; which include reading, writing, talking, listening, and the transformation of experience into new…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Comprehension, Developmental Stages
Kurtz, Beth E.; Borkowski, John G. – 1985
Examined were relationships between metamemory and strategic behavior in 130 impulsive and reflective children in fourth, fifth, and sixth grades. Of these, 77 had been tested 3 years earlier on multiple metamemory and memory tasks. At pretraining, children were assessed on metamemory, cognitive tempo, summarization skills, and teacher ratings of…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Conceptual Tempo, Elementary School Students, Grade 4
Lumpkin, Donavon, Ed.; And Others – 1987
Articles in this yearbook contribute to a broad perspective of changing concepts of reading, each focusing attention on an area of major factors exercising current impact on reading and on the education of reading teachers. The articles and their authors are as follows: "Learning from Text" (T. Estes); "Untying the Gordian Knot" (W. Blanton and G.…
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Language Experience Approach
Borodkin, Thelma – 1987
A discussion of cloze procedure and Directed Reading and Thinking Activity (DRTA) proposes that the complementary use of the two procedures helps develop student awareness of language-learning processes (metacognition) for improved language proficiency. The paper defines metacognition, cloze, and DRTA, describes their use in teaching, reviews…
Descriptors: Class Activities, Classroom Techniques, Cloze Procedure, Cognitive Processes
Palincsar, Annemarie Sullivan; Brown, Ann L. – 1983
Three studies were conducted to test the effectiveness of reciprocal teaching as a means of instructing seventh grade poor readers about activities they could use to increase comprehension and to ascertain that their comprehension was proceeding smoothly (comprehension monitoring). Reciprocal teaching involves having teacher and students take…
Descriptors: Academic Aptitude, Classroom Techniques, Cognitive Processes, Grade 7
Alvermann, Donna E.; Ratekin, Ned H. – 1982
Working on the assumptions that person, strategy, and task are essential metacognitive variables for explaining effective learning and that a reader's metacognitive knowledge about his or her strengths and limitations necessarily influences the types of strategies applied to different tasks, investigators studied the degree to which seventh and…
Descriptors: Essay Tests, Grade 7, Grade 8, Junior High Schools