A STUDY, IN PROGRESS, IS ATTEMPTING TO DETERMINE THE INTERACTION OF VARIOUS REWARD CONDITIONS AND VARIOUS TYPES OF PRESCHOOL EXPERIENCE WITH DISCRIMINATION LEARNING. THE SUBJECTS ARE 240 4- AND 5-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN WITH THREE TYPES OF PRESCHOOL EXPERIENCE--1 TO 3 MONTHS OF HEAD START, 10 TO 12 MONTHS OF HEAD START, AND NO ATTENDANCE IN A PRESCHOOL…

The object of the present study was to develop and test the effectiveness of a behavior modification approach to behavior training, in the context of a social living situation in a Job Corps Center for men. The model for this approach is derived from recent research in social reinforcement learning, as applied to behavior training in laboratories…

This report is concerned with the problem of the socialization of academic behavior and with the over-representation of Negro students among low achievers. Studied were such possible causative factors as (1) parental educational level and other social structural variables; (2) differential reinforcements of Negro and white students; and (3)…

A project was designed by the San Jose Unified School District and the education division of the Lockheed Missiles and Space Company to treat learning problems experienced by eighth and ninth grade students with underdeveloped reading and mathematics skills. The students were largely Mexican American and were from predominately disadvantaged…

This paper describes an educational program for 28 adolescent delinquents at a training school for boys. All of the students had histories of educational failure. Individualized programed instruction and a system of extrinsic learning reinforcements were the experimental basis of the program. Points, exchangeable for money, were given to the…

This paper describes a study which examined interactive relationships between a personality variable (need for approval) and a situational variable (incentive for achievement) as determinants of transgression in temptation situations. Hypotheses were formulated that need for approval would correlate differentially with transgression when…

This paper was presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association as part of a symposium, "A social learning alternative to structural theories for explaining developmental changes in childrens behavior." This presentation examines the moral development of a child in terms of a social learning approach, and discusses…

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that specific in-class behaviors of classroom teachers could be modified by training. Focused on were these four behaviors: (a) positive reinforcement (PR), (b) negative reinforcement (NR), (c) amount of time the teacher talks as a percentage of all talk in class, and (d) encouragement of…

Provided are strategies for teaching activities of daily living (ADL), which include dressing, eating, grooming, toileting, and basic homemakine, to severely retarded students. Reviewed are the steps necessary to teach ADL skills: ADL assessment, identification of appropriate strategies and tactics, and task analysis. Explained are four common…

Despite the support for the proposition that learning is enhanced by the reinforcement of correct responses, there remain learners who continue to fail when contingent reinforcement is administered, even though they may have the ability and be motivated to succeed. This condition, known as learned helplessness, presents a problem for instructional…

This paper is about myths in general and the "myth" of Democracy in the United States of America in particular. Myths have a number of definitions among which legendary stories containing some elements of fact but wholly untrue can be cited as the basis for the establishment of commonly accepted beliefs. Myths can be functional in the…

This study was designed to ascertain whether reading achievement and attitude toward reading of students in grades two, four, and six can be improved through implementation of a token system within regular reading programs. Two schools were assigned to the experimental and two to the control treatment, with an equal number of classrooms from the…

One hundred twenty-eight observers randomly assigned to 16 treatment conditions in a modified Latin square design, viewed three videotapes of simulated classrooms in which teacher behavior was controlled (paralleling psychophysical procedures) to fit unambiguously into specific categories on ratings of frequency and variety of social…

Learning theories proposed by William Glasser in his text, "Schools without Failure," were implemented in an individualized language instruction program in a small high school in northern Ohio. The theory suggests that the success factor is far more significant than the failure factor in developing learning motivation. The belief that individuals…

Reported is the 1968-69 school year of Vermont's Consulting Teacher Program (Burlington) during which eight regular elementary school teachers successfully completed the first half of an inservice program in behavior modification, programing, consulting, and research skills; and provided special educational services for 50 handicapped learners in…