Listening requires a great awareness of self, words, facial expressions, body language, tone of voice, and eye contact. This article examines the importance of these factors in the development of the therapeutic relationship. Among some of the characteristics of effective listening treated here are qualities within the client/therapist…

In the counseling process the use of power as a therapist influence strategy has not been demonstrated. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether women and men prefer different types of power statements made by female and male therapists in an initial therapy session with male clients. Subjects (N=153) were undergraduates enrolled in…

Examines the research support for the major recommendations and issues concerning the counseling of women. Conclusions and implications for counselors are drawn from the research. Resources are identified and suggestions offered to counselors for developing skills for counseling in an unbiased fashion and for designing programs to enhance women's…

CHOICES (Computer Heuristic Occupational Information and Career Exploration Systems), was implemented in eight secondary schools in the fall of 1984. Two additional secondary schools acquired the CHOICES program in the fall of 1985, subsequent to the reporting of the results of the first evaluation, in February 1985. This study evaluated the…

This paper describes a study examining differences between rural counselors and principals. The study used the Counselor Role Inventory (CRI) to look at 105 Western schools which had a single counselor-principal pair. Sixteen survey questions were consolidated into four role functions: prevention, remediation, commitment, and sub-professional…

Recent studies have demonstrated an alcohol/drug problem in rural areas of the United States and important differences between rural and urban drug users. This study examined the extent to which drug abuse is perceived as a problem in rural and urban secondary schools, whether school counselors are in need of more drug abuse prevention and…

This document discusses and reviews the research on the issue of in females and males. A 1970 study by Broverman, Broverman, Clarkson, Rosenkrantz, and Vogel found that both male and female clinicians ascribed more positive characteristics to males and fewer desirable traits to females. Research disagreeing with this position and failing to…

Research has documented bias toward elderly clients by mental health professionals. To determine whether counselor trainees held similar biases against elderly clients, counseling (N=40) and non-counseling (N=25) graduate students were given an intake summary of a female client exhibiting symptoms of depression. The client's age was manipulated on…

Over three hundred school psychologists were surveyed about their working practice and their views with regard to treating seriously emotionally disturbed adolescents. The survey questionnaire sought the following details: 1) Demographic information; 2) Professional opinions about serious emotional disturbance; 3) Personal working practice with…

This paper stresses the need for Australian institutions to develop courses in intercultural communication. It examines educational, political/technological, and sociocultural factors that have led to increased interest in the study of communication and culture. Four Australian subcultural groups (Chinese, Japanese, Greeks, and Aborigines) are the…

At an all-day workshop for 50 counselors from public schools and community colleges, researchers presented a 15-item attitudinal questionnaire regarding perspectives, characteristics, and conceptual information about women. The findings of this research are: (1) male counselors are either neutral or slightly positive in attitudes towards women…

Examines the whole range of student personnel and counseling services in one British university with special attention to the residential element. Compares results, particularly attitudes of wardens (residence counselors) toward their role, to those of earlier studies. (JT)

Study supported by funds from the Vocational Rehabilitation Administration, the Research Institute for the Study of Man, the Postgraduate Center for Mental Health, and Smith Kline & French Laboratories.

Although recognition of problems posed by critical client statements and recommendations for counselors' understanding, empathy, and confrontation abound, interventions to aid counselors in coping with critical client statements are rare. Graduate-level counselor trainees (N=40) were assigned to one of four methods of supervision: interpersonal…