A model is described to suggest how the visual system may keep track of perceived objects as their images move on the retina. (Author)

EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED TO DISCOVER WHETHER INSTRUCTIONAL FILMS IN COLOR WERE MORE EFFECTIVE THAN BLACK AND WHITE VERSIONS OF THE SAME FILMS. IN ONE EXPERIMENT, COLOR AND BLACK AND WHITE VERSIONS OF FIVE INSTRUCTIONAL FILMS WERE SHOWN TO 500 NINTH- AND 10-GRADE STUDENTS, HALF THE STUDENTS SEEING THE COLOR FILMS AND THE OTHER HALF SEEING THE…

Eye Movements were used as a criterion of observing responses in a vigilance task. Time on watch and signal rates similarly affected both eye-movement rates and percentage of detections. Observing rate may account for detection data, and may be a more stable measure of vigilance than detection rate, especially when very few signals occur. This…

Learning through the use of symbols presupposes the ability to think visually, including the perception, structuring, processing, and transformation of visual images. Since children process high volumes of visual messages, especially via television, schools should restructure curricula to include objectives in visual literacy, specifically the…

The study employed the use of field reversals--printing white and yellow foregrounds on a black background--to decrease the amount of light reflected from printed materials to the eye with 18 visually impaired children (9-14 years old). The findings indicated that neither reversals in contrast nor chromaticity differences were effective measures…

The relationship between each of seven predictor variables and the relative degree to which 84 normal and hearing-impaired children used audition or vision in their perception of word stimuli were investigated. It was concluded that the relative use of audition was almost completely related to their auditory capabilities. (Author/CL)

The author reviews research on visual training for learning disabled students and addresses three major topics: what vision training is, for whom it is appropriate, and how effective it is. She cites the lack of solid research base from which to derive clinical decisions. (CL)

The author traces the history of optometric vision training and its influences on academic performance and presents his views on the current controversy over the value of vision training for students with learning disabilities. He concludes with a list of approximately 50 references on the topic. (CL)

Six common visual dysfunctions are briefly explained and their relationships to reading noted: (1) ametropia, refractive error; (2) inaccurate saccades, the small jumping eye movements used in reading; (3) inefficient binocularity/fusion; (4) insufficient convergence/divergence; (5) heterophoria, imbalance in extra-ocular muscles; and (6)…

G. Senf's study of bisensory integration language tasks was modified and replicated with 52 normal and 52 learning disabled children. Results confirmed the original study except for a more consistent pattern for individual difference variables and failure to replicate the main effect of stimulus interpair presentation times. (Author/CL)

Findings revealed significant correlations between all three measures of visual motor development as well as those measures and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised Performance IQ. The VMI-Revised appeared appropriate for measuring paper/pencil fine motor aspects of visual perceptual development in children. (CL)

Signs from lists used with mentally retarded and autistic children and previously rated for visual iconicity were presented tactilely to 13 blind adults. Visual and tactile ratings were very similar across blind and sighted groups, as were statements of relationship between signs and their meanings. (Author/CL)

Photoessay and discussion of pictures of and by elderly men and women. (RB)

Discussed is the possible glory and heartbreak of another revolution in visual learning--tv cartridge systems." (Editor)