Publication in 'reputable', peer-reviewed and indexed journals has become a key requirement for promotion and career advancement in African universities. There is little research into how bibliometric measures of journal reputation are shaping the publishing strategies and practices of Africa-based researchers. This study, drawing on 43 in-depth interviews, explored the publishing choices, tactics and discourses of early-career academics at two different public universities in Ghana. Most participants felt under constant pressure to publish, and more than half invoked the 'publish or perish' aphorism unprompted in conversation. They were also very aware that one could 'publish "and" perish' by choosing the 'wrong' journals, such as those not on university-approved lists or in the main global citation indexes. Some regretted the journal choices they had made at the start of their careers, and had since learnt to make every publication 'count'. Many invoked a moral and spatial dichotomy of low-quality 'local' journals versus reputable 'international' journals. Most participants felt that more training, supervision and mentorship would help them make the 'right' publishing choices. In a global research economy that sustains geographical inequalities and reputational hierarchies, journals published from Africa are increasingly viewed as the 'wrong' choice.