Thirty-six assumptions are presented in this examination of clinical observation as a structure, i.e., as a systematic array of tasks for persons in defined positions with the intent of achieving instructional purposes. (MJB)

Differences among the purposes, reasons to observe, reasons to confer, and aims are delineated for the nominal, prescriptive, and reflective models of teacher supervision. Questions are raised regarding supervisory skills and subjects. (CB)

An attempt to define the goals of teacher supervision discusses five premises of supervision that must shift if the goals are to include encouraging teachers to be reflective, thoughtful, and empowered. (Author/CB)

Based on the assumption that the process of supervising counselors-in-training is analogous to supervising student teachers, the research on each is reviewed. Research on counselor training is found to be more cohesive and coherent, and a collaborative research agenda, combining both areas of research, is recommended. (TJH)

Superlative performance ratings for the vast majority of teachers may indicate a problem, not a solution, to the quest for educational excellence. This article suggests ways to discourage overrating teachers and playing "pass the turkey." Successful teacher evaluation involves a team approach and a shift in principals' priorities. (MLH)

Clinical supervision should not be construed as "delivery of services" to targeted audiences of teachers deemed inexperienced, inefficient, or incompetent. Supervision should instead empower and emancipate teachers by creating conditions under which they can examine classroom actions in terms of the historical, social, and cultural…

Describes a strategy for improving classroom teacher effectiveness by improving supervision of teachers. Outlines a nine-point theory of supervision, provides 17 principles of learning from teaching, and presents a vignette illustrating these principles in operation. (LP)

Many current problems in teacher supervision arise from epistemological errors. Research-based models wrongly assume that supervision is a deterministic process. Therefore, the theoretical perspective should be rejected in favor of a practical one, which would emphasize "reflection-in-action" directed toward specific real problems. (MCG)

Experimental group trainees who used well-defined observation systems to collect teacher/pupil data for feedback to peers maintained a higher level of pupil accuracy during direct instruction, maintained a brisker presentation and correct rate, and tended to prompt correct responses less often than the control group. (Author)

Presents a plan for individualizing and personalizing teacher supervision and evaluation. Includes five illustrations of components involved in the plan. (MD)

Needed is a shift from more traditional, technical, scientific, management-based teacher supervision to methods that allow teachers to gain a greater understanding of the teaching process per se, such as clinical supervision. However, greater attention needs to be given to the philosophy and rationale of clinical supervision. (Author/DCS)

Outlines a fictitious but ideal school in which staff work cooperatively and are encouraged to develop their talents. (MD)

The advantages of "script taking" for use as a supervisory skill are presented. It is an easy and efficient alternative to expensive electronic taping in observing teacher performance. (MD)

Discusses various approaches to the supervision of instruction and counseling, noting the assumptions made in each and the expectations held by each for both the supervisor and the supervised. (FL)

Discusses the role of the college supervisor in the student teacher segment of teacher education programs and stresses the need for and importance of the position and the necessity to make it more professional. (MB)