This 2-year study investigated how teaching assistants affected Dutch secondary school teachers, examining: the impact of teaching assistants on teachers' tasks, teachers' attitudes toward task relief, job satisfaction, and teacher absence. Teaching assistants were hired by 16 Dutch high schools to take over non-teaching, administrative tasks.…

Describes the development of a program to improve school productivity in Richland County (South Carolina) School District One. Lists the program's six criteria, involving reading and mathematics test performance, teacher and student attendance, and parent and student attitudes. Presents the results of the program's first year. (RW)

Researchers used school district data and an attitudinal survey to assess an incentive pay plan for teachers instituted by the Houston (Texas) Independent School District for the school years 1979-81. Called the Second Mile Plan (SMP), the scheme aimed to improve student academic achievement and teacher attendance, lessen teacher turnover, fill…

Research supports the notion that substitute teachers generally are ineffective. This study examines whether trained substitutes can be as effective as assigned teachers in teaching students with behavior disorders. Findings showed that substitutes with intensive inservice training in behavior management were equally effective for one-day…

In the rural areas of developing countries, teacher absence is a widespread problem. This paper tests whether a simple incentive program based on teacher presence can reduce teacher absence, and whether it has the potential to lead to more teaching activities and better learning. In 60 informal one-teacher schools in rural India, randomly chosen…

This overview of substitute teaching in K-12 schools looks at why substitutes are needed, factors that attract individuals to the work, and what school administrators can do to facilitate good substitute teaching. While schools continue to utilize substitutes for traditional reasons such as personal or family illness or emergency, the school…

This paper reviews five popular and emerging models for the implementation of Internet and network technology in higher education: low tech, lab, laptop, virtual, and networked systems. Three perspectives on these models--that of a faculty member at the University of Lethbridge (Alberta, Canada), an administrator at the University of Lethbridge,…

Ten guidelines that may improve staff attendance are: create a written sick leave policy, do not make exceptions, be a good role model, require staff to get their own substitutes, have staff call in personally, monitor patterns in absences, supervise through observation, listen and show concern, greet each person when he or she returns, and reward…

Teacher absenteeism is a growing problem, according to this short guide on reducing absenteeism. The author briefly reviews the research data on absenteeism from national, state, and district sources. She lists the average costs of teacher substitution by district size and the characteristics of both districts and teachers with bad absence…

Techniques that reduced teacher absences from 8.7 to 7.6 per year in the Milwaukee Public Schools are described in this report. The techniques include (1) information, in each new teacher's orientation kit, on the district's attitude toward good attendance, (2) articles about sick leave in the staff bulletin, (3) periodic reminders and training…

This paper examines research on risk factors affecting teachers, noting that teachers encounter daily challenges and stresses in working with today's students. Risk is difficult to define. Consequences of risk can include stress and burnout, absenteeism, and attrition. Research shows that everyday events, even positive ones, cause stress, and…

School systems with enrollments of 12,000 or more were queried concerning the length of school year for pupils and teachers and asked that the extra duty days for teachers be identified as to specific purpose. Summary tables by enrollment stratum show the reported length of school year for pupils and teachers, the number of duty days for which…

Discusses an examination of teacher stress, job satisfaction, absenteeism, career intention, career commitment, and self-image among secondary school teachers in Malta. Concludes that teachers who reported greater stress were less satisfied with teaching, more frequently absent, more likely to leave teaching, and less likely to reenter the field.…

Complete performance-based accountability systems (PBASs) have four components: standards and assessments, multiple indicators, rewards, and sanctions. A Colorado survey revealed that teachers felt significantly more accountable in their classrooms than in their buildings for learning climate; curriculum; standards; student behavior, achievement,…

A census and survey of schools in selected poor areas of Lagos State explored the nature and extent of private education, and compared inputs to public and private schooling. Of all schools (71%) were found to be private, with more unregistered private than government and registered private schools. It was estimated that 33% of school children…