Young injecting drug users are a particularly vulnerable group for Hepatitis C (HCV) infection. One method for minimising the risk of contraction of Hepatitis C for amphetamine users (not widely explored in the research to date) is through encouraging non-injecting routes of administration (NIROA). Self-report data from 150 young injecting…

Models of self-regulated learning and of children's coping both consider help-seeking an adaptive response to academic problems, yet students do not always seek help when it is needed, and help-seeking generally declines across early adolescence. A study of 765 children in elementary and middle school (Grades 3-6) during fall and spring of the…

This publication of 180 affirmations offers teachers encouragement and strength for the beginning of each school day as well as help in the search for personal growth. A daily quote is provided, along with an affirmation based on the theme of the quote. The quotes are drawn from a wide variety of sources in philosophy and religion, ethics and…

The acquisition and the application of mental skills in sports and non-sport settings are discussed in this paper. The paper opens with an overview of the situation in Sweden; it is noted that 25% of the Swedish population have used mental training programs and that in the future all Swedes will have experienced such programs, since basic mental…

Research has shown that for teachers, job satisfaction is related more to intrinsic rewards than to the external conditions of their employment. However, the coping strategies for teachers' stress and recommendations for reforms in education address the teachers' external environment and offer extrinsic rewards. Positive mental health variables…

Motivation is inseparable from culture. The Motivational Framework for Culturally Responsive Teaching uses four motivational conditions as guidelines for instructional planning: establishing inclusion, developing favorable dispositions to learning, enhancing meaning, and engendering competence. (SK)

People involved in adventurous activities frequently experience positive phenomena termed peak experience, peak performance, and "flow." Characteristics of these phenomena are compared, along with factors influencing the ability to experience such peak moments. Csikszentmihalyi's flow models are examined with regard to perceived levels…

Discusses how human evolution affects the achievement of flow experiences, including the role of complexity, or people's need to take on a greater range of challenges and opportunities to increase their skill level. Describes evolutionary obstacles to complexity, such as genetic instructions to conserve energy, and ways to overcome these…

Critiques Kohn's article (in the same "Educational Leadership" issue) arguing against the use of cooperative rewards. Without group rewards based on the learning of all group members, cooperative learning can degenerate into answer-sharing. The idea that such rewards (usually paper certificates) can be dispensed with is wishful thinking. Includes…

Responding to Slavin's critique of Kohn's article (in the same "Educational Leadership" issue) condemning cooperative rewards, Kohn slams Slavin's faulty research interpretations. Slavin may be correct that few non-reward-based classrooms exist in the U.S., but this hardly demonstrates that the best alternative to bribing individuals is to bribe…

The Bem Sex Role Inventory and the Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale (CDMSE) were completed by 134 women and 44 men. For androgynous and undifferentiated types, sex role identity was related to levels of CDMSE, number of career exploration activities, and rating given to preferred job outcomes. For masculine and feminine types, results…

Discusses instructional gaming and examines the impact of Thomas Malone's theory of intrinsically motivating instruction. Relevant literature is reviewed to establish common threads, and implications of the gaming literature for future study of gaming and instructional design are suggested. (Contains 25 references.) (LRW)

Discusses intrinsic motivation and John Dewey's perspectives on aesthetic experiences in relation to "After 3" technology programs, based on experiences with KLICK (Kids Learning in Computer Klubhouses). Highlights include control and theories of motivation and learning; and Dewey's perspectives on the opposite of control in…

The Personal Growth Initiative Scale (PGIS) assesses intentionality in personal growth. Three studies were undertaken to (1) investigate the PGI construct; (2) describe the development and factor structure of the PGIS; and (3) test the internal consistency, temporal stability, and convergent and discriminant validity of scores on the PGIS. (EMK)

Studied the choice of teaching as a career and the extent to which motivating factors identified in 456 teaching students in Northern Ireland were consistent with those identified in the United States, the United Kingdom, and elsewhere. Findings show that those in training to be teachers were attracted to the profession largely by intrinsic…