This paper points to the demands which our "new society" is making upon guidance and counseling programs; demands which must be met as counselors become agents of change and the profession turns from exclusive concern with intra and interpersonal matters to exteriorceptive concerns. The author gives a brief historical outline of the emerging…

Compares the affective reactions of nonretarded second- and third-grade children to those of mildly retarded children to a videotape in which a protagonist's initial behavior (good, bad) was factorially varied with the emotion he experienced in the concluding incident (happy, sad). (HOD)

A descriptive model of how people make judgments under ambiguity is proposed. Two factors are reflected in the model: (1) the amount of ambiguity, which affects the size of the simulation, and (2) one's attitudes toward ambiguity. The model is tested in four experiments using individual and group analyses. (Author/LMO)

Michigan is designing a new accountability system that combines high standards and statewide testing within a school accreditation framework. Sound assessment techniques are critical if the accountability system is to provide relevant information to schools and policymakers. One important component of a sound assessment system is measurement of…

Reports on experiment that tested college students' evaluation of geographic and racial information in determining the blame in a scenario describing a bar fight. Results indicated that white northern and southern samples of students tended to rate a geographically similar yet racially different actor more favorably. (MJP)

Describes an agency's implementation of problem-solving consultation. Case examples are used to illustrate various components and efforts made to evaluate perceptions of problem solving consultation. Strategies to guide further implementation of consultation at the systems level are summarized. Discusses areas in which additional resources would…

Explores the peer review process in electronic and print science education journals and addresses how to submit manuscripts, criteria for reviews, and reviewer qualifications. (DDR)

Demonstrates how role-playing in a mock trial situation allows children to view critically both sides of an issue and introduce them to trial procedure. Offers pre-trial activities, ways to teach students to see both sides of a situation, themes for mock trials, and supporting resources. (GG)

The use of base rate information by professionals (n=161) and undergraduates (n=97) in deciding probability of sexual abuse was studied. While professionals better prioritized the evidence of abuse in hypothetical cases based on sexual behaviors, both groups misestimated the probability of abuse for a child from a population with a known base rate…

In comparisons of intake judgments, counselors viewed clients as being more anxious, less likely to change, less motivated to solve their problems, and less likely to be satisfied with counseling than did the clients themselves. Clients judged their personal and vocational problems to be more severe than did the counselors. (Author/RJM)

Two studies of third, sixth, and ninth graders were conducted to determine whether the children made judgments about both justice and interpersonal relations in conflict situations. Results demonstrate that concerns with justice and interpersonal relationships coexist in judgments of male and female children. The ways in which these concerns are…

Presents 2 lists of 10 rules each summarizing considerations for effective and ineffective teaching. Recommends lists of rules as manageable amounts of information that provide retrieval cues for the information on which the lists are based. Suggests that the generation of lists can be an educational exercise. (DK)

Presents a study of metacognitive responses of English school children examining four common metacognitive function measures. Discusses the content of each measure, the search for developmental commonality, and statistical relationships. Concludes that no evidence supported a common metacognitive factor or unified construct, although a common…

Studies the development of moral autonomy in 720 Australian secondary school and university students between the ages of 12 and 21. Examines autonomy development in the context of moral judgments. Finds the need to add a dimension of individual differences to the single dimension used to describe developmental changes. (Author/NL)

Suggests that community colleges should focus more on academics than on technical skills when preparing students to enter the criminal justice system. Asserts that the technical skills needed by workers in law enforcement can be acquired in the police academy, while crucial critical thinking and writing skills are better taught in the college…