This research study investigated the hypothesis that noncontingent social stimulation can elicit infant vocal sounds. The investigation involved an examination of both the course of social elicitation and the nature of the social releasing stimulus. Three experimental conditions were designed to measure: (1) the changes in vocalization rate during…

Reports experiments on the symbolic distance effect and related phenomena with six- and nine-year-old children. The effect was obtained for lexical and pictorial input; pictures produced faster responses than words; congruity effects occurred in the pictorial condition. Asymmetry in subjects' capacity to verify statements of relation was found,…

Describes a four-phase plan of stimulus control to initiate voice transcription instruction and to effect gradual withdrawal from the use of printed dictation. (SK)

Five groups--second year students, psychiatric inpatients, incoming students, mothers, and relocated women were tested with verbal samples to examine the effects of cognitive anxiety as a construct implying a reaction to being unable to anticipate and integrate experiences meaningfully. The measure used was found to be valid. (Author/DEP)

The study used a multivariate approach to examine the relationships between stimulus presentation mode and cognitive structure. (BD)

Discusses the positive aspects of verbalizing ideas in order to provide a frame of reference which serves to clarify the concept. (Author/HV)

Investigates the extent to which differences in intensity facilitate the selection of one of two dichotically presented messages. (RB)

The basic assumption tested was that in continued free verbal association tasks, favorable attitudes toward the stimulus word result in responses with positive evaluative content. The study suggests the validity of inferring attitudes from word associations for groups. (DB)

For the untrained subjects, only attendants achieved a lower approach score than trained therapists. Attendants achieved lower approach scores than other untrained groups for two of the patient types. The results support the need for additional research concerning minimally trained subjects and roles they might assume in mental health settings.…

The study involving three mentally retarded children (7 to 10 years old) compared the effectiveness of preventing incorrect responses with allowing trial and error responses to a set of verbal instructions. Data provided further evidence for the notion of errorless discrimination learning. (SB)

The effect of a classification, or encoding, task on intentional free recall was examined. Examination of the serial position curves for immediate and free recall shows clear effects assigned to long-term store. Consideration of effects regarding levels of processing gives a parallel account differing only in terminology and emphasis. (CHK)

Reviews four groups of research: (1) effects of pictures on children's reading comprehension; (2) effects of pictures on comprehension and accuracy; (3) effects of titles on comprehension; and (4) effects of titles and pictures on comprehension and accuracy. Important findings are that pictures and titles are not uniformly effective in all…

Neonates who were exposed to the same or different words on two consecutive days habituated to the sound on day one and recovered head turning on day two. Infants who heard the same word again on day two responded less well than infants exposed to the word for the first time on day two. (BC)