The National Education Commission on Time and Learning reported that "The time available in a uniform six-hour day and a 180-day year is the unacknowledged design flaw in American education." Since then, varied initiatives have been tried to meet its recommendation that "American students must have more time for learning ... not to do more of the…

Our children deserve an education that fully prepares them for the future--success in college, the workforce and a healthy, fulfilled life. The Expanded Learning Time (ELT) Initiative in Massachusetts is redesigning schools to offer children new learning and enrichment opportunities made possible because of an expanded school schedule. With state…

One of the most intractable problems facing urban schools is the low performance of middle school-aged children. This is particularly true for the 13,360 students who attend the Baltimore City Public School System's (BCPSS) traditional middle schools, which serve only 6th, 7th, and 8th grade students. Not one of these 21 middle schools met…

This paper was prepared to assist the National Education Commission on Time and Learning. It provides a review of available research on major issues facing the commission and is organized to conform to the commission's legislative mandate as expressed in Public Law 102-62. An overview section reviews the major points discussed in each section of…

The National Education Commission on Time and Learning (NECT&L) is an independent advisory body authorized by Congress by Public Law 102-62, the Education Council Act of 1991. The commission is undertaking a comprehensive review of the relationship between time and learning in elementary-secondary education. This paper summarizes the…

The four-day week is a popular way to improve the quality of education and save energy costs in rural districts. The four-day week is structured as a lengthened day or school year. Thirteen states have districts operating on four-day calendars. State laws and education agency regulations require districts to evaluate the effect of four-day…

The evaluation of 24 elementary schools in 11 Utah school districts using extended day or extended year programs is the purpose of this summary report. Specific research goals are the identification of program characteristics; program implications for education in general, personnel, families, communities, and the physical structure; level of…

This booklet presents some of the administrative considerations and activities associated with the initiation of an extended day care program for parochial elementary school students. Introductory sections describe a typical extended school day and discuss the social need for extended school day programs because of the increased number of working…

This document evaluates Eight Percent Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) Programs operated in North Carolina's public schools during the 1986-87 school year. Data were received from local education agencies (LEAs) operating 13 Extended School Day Programs, 5 Spring Start-Up Extended School Day Programs, and 3 Dropout Youth Projects. Data on the…

During the winter many schools have closed, or been considered for closing, in efforts to save energy. This study assesses and analyzes the impact on energy consumption of operating school facilities on an extended-day and evening basis compared with closing facilities for specified periods. The two variables examined are the extended-day program…

A study was conducted to determine how the length of the school day affects the academic achievement of kindergarten children who are deficient in readiness skill development (low performance in auditory memory, rhyming, letter recognition, visual matching, school language and listening, and quantitative language as measured by the Metropolitan…

As a partial solution to the energy crisis and to solve the problem of drastically rising operating costs coupled with less state support, in 1980-81 the Liberty School District (Spangle, Washington) implemented a 4-day school week comparable to the program used by Cimarron School District #3 in New Mexico. A survey conducted in 1975 by the…

The connection between length of school day and time allocated to 10 school subjects and scores for grade 6 in reading, writing, and mathematics was studied for 1,030 schools in the 1982 California Assessment Program. More time for science and mathematics and a longer school day correlated with higher test scores in all subjects. (SLD)

State-of-the-art review suggests extending time in school will increase achievement only modestly--and at great expense. (Author/DCS)

This analysis reviews the data on two types of extended school programs--those that extend the number of hours per day students spend in school, and those that extend the school year. Proponents of extending the school day or the school year frequently cite examples from outside the United States, where the average school year is often longer, and…