This document presents proceedings of hearings held before a congressional committee on H.R. 1, the Civil Rights Act of 1991. In addition to the text of H.R. 1, the live statements and prepared statements of the following individuals and groups are included: Brenda Berkman; John Bishop; Dr. Heidi Hartmann; Kenneth Kimerling; Jacqueline Morris;…

Section A of the Media and Law section of these proceedings contains the following 11 papers: "The Record of the Rehnquist Court on Freedom of Expression" (F. Dennis Hale); "An Examination of the FCC's Minority and Gender Licensing Policies" (Howard Kleiman); "Exploring the Possibilities of an International Right of…

Directed to secondary school teachers of history, government, and civics, this book is designed to fit common educational objectives in secondary school curriculum guides that call for teaching and learning about the United States Constitution and Bill of Rights. The volume is intended to encourage careful reading, analysis, and classroom…

A survey of court litigation traces the development of case law regarding the substantive rights of elementary and high school students in relation to school board rules and regulations. The survey reveals the gradual "judicialization" (conversion of conflicts into court cases) of educational governance and the delimiting of the school…

This paper is a summary of a comprehensive work on the legal, social, educational, and political history of lesbian and gay teachers in U.S. society from colonial times to the present. Case law on homosexual educators is discussed, as are three major political campaigns that sought to prohibit homosexual conduct, activity or advocacy by school…

This second chapter of "The Yearbook of School Law, 1986" summarizes and analyzes state and federal court decisions handed down in 1985 affecting collective bargaining between staff members and management representatives in public education. Among the topics examined are constitutional issues associated with distribution of union materials, union…

Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, passed by the government in 1982, has been compared in its guarantees of equal rights to the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States. These equality provisions were deferred for a 3-year period so that federal, provincial, and…

This paper argues that courts have tended to identify and enforce individual rights at the expense, in many instances, of the ability of school boards and legislatures to carry out what they perceive to be the will of the majority of voters in their jurisdictions. The trend emphasizing individual rights began in 1954 with the Supreme Court…

Despite differences among state laws authorizing collective bargaining, and despite the variety of administrative and legal structures that enforce collective bargaining rights and obligations, a considerable degree of consensus has evolved throughout the states. Accordingly, this chapter highlights the major features of the law with respect to…

Ten essays discuss federal democracy, the form of government of the United States. The first essay discusses the origins of American federalism. The second examines why we have a federal system, the functions federalism serves, and the consequences of federalism for the American political system. Federalism in the Constitution and constitutional…

A bilingual Cambodian-English supplement designed for high school courses in American government is intended to interpret the story of government's operation in a clear and interesting way and provide a vocabulary of frequently-used words and phrases. The lessons, in both English and Cambodian, cover the following topics : American government; the…

After World War II, the newly federated Yugoslav government promised equality to the country's many different ethnic and religious groups. The 1974 Constitution guaranteed every citizen his or her free expression of belonging to a "nation" or "nationality," the free expression of his or her ethnic culture, and the freedom to…

Chapter 2 of a book on school law, this chapter summarizes 1979 court cases concerning school employees. The author deals with cases in the areas of employment discrimination, dismissal and discipline of employees, tenure, substantive constitutional rights of employees, procedural due process for employee dismissal, immunity and liability under…

In this handbook, the relationship of education to the United States Constitution is described for the benefit of students and their parents. Legislation, funding, and the decision-making process are examined as they relate to the public school system. Legal rights of students and parents with regard to many controversial issues, including…

A study on government regulation of religiously affiliated higher education was conducted for the Sloan Commission on Government and Higher Education. The following two questions were addressed: What legal problems arising from governmental regulation have religiously affiliated colleges experienced at least partially because of their religious…