This article describes three interacting phases of the New Lexington City Schools' staff development program, which began in 1979. The first phase, overcoming psychological resistance to the program, had three components: convincing staff, designing a plan ensuring staff control of events, and developing a climate to foster openness, trust, and…

Children with language delays often manifest low rates of self-initiated expressive language, particularly in school settings. Children with mild to moderate language delays appear to develop this pattern as a means of coping with situations in which they believe they are unable to perform or may perform poorly. Interactive language training…

This experiment investigated self-modeling among 60 children, enrolled in grades 3 and 4, during cognitive skill learning. Children received training on addition and subtraction of fractions. Subjects in one condition (mastery self-model) were videotaped while successfully solving problems and viewed their tapes. Children in the progress…

This study reviews relevant research on same race imitation and reports on a study of imitation under conditions of ascribed and racial similarity in two culturally distinct and separate groups, white and aboriginal Australian children. Ascribed (by the experimenter) similarity and racial similarity resulted separately in greater imitation of a…

A model of how automated and controlled processing can be mixed in computer simulations of problem solving is proposed. It is based on previous work by Hunt and Lansman (1983), who developed a model of problem solving that could reproduce the data obtained with several attention and performance paradigms, extending production-system notation to…

The effectiveness of training mothers to use four incidental language teaching procedures with their language-delayed preschoolers was evaluated. Six mothers were trained to use the following techniques: first, the Model Procedure, which provides the response for the child to imitate; second, the Mand-Model Procedure, which elicits information the…

This study investigates the question of whether or not exposure to televised professional sports affects the social behavior of young people who themselves actively engage in those sports. Lacrosse, hockey, baseball were monitored on television, with students questioned about the impact the behavior of the players (pro-social and anti-social) has…

This study examined the influence of male and female models on the expectancies, achievement, and attributions of college students. A factorial design varied sex of subjects (male, female), sex of models (male, female), and causal attribution offered by models for completion of a novel task (effort, luck, ability, task difficulty). Females'…

Investigated in two studies involving 52 profoundly retarded Ss (8-29 years old) were a parameter descriptive of the subject (sex) and the effectiveness of a modeling technique to evoke a response. The major finding of the first investigation in which there were two sessions was that exposure of Ss to a live model produced a significant increase…

The purpose of these companion studies was to assess immediate and delayed effects of social modeling, cognitive structuring, and two self-management strategies for increasing affective self-disclosure in undergraduate males. Subjects were randomly assigned to: (a) social modeling, (b) cognitive structuring, (c) attention-placebo, or (d)…

This study analyzed the effect of an instructor's modeling behavior on the amount of self-disclosure exhibited by 120 students in interpersonal communication classes. Under one condition, the instructor revealed little or no information about self; under the second condition, the instructor made at least four self-referent statements during every…

Preschool children interacted with an adult model who was either low or highly rewarding to the child. Later the model displayed either a high or low degree of positive affect as he played with a nonpreferred toy. The model's affect influenced both the children's ratings of and imitative play with the toy. (Author/RD)

Experimental procedures for modification of cognitive impulsivity in handicapped children (including required delay, direct instruction, self-verbalization, differentiation training, modeling, and reinforcement) are reviewed and their respective teaching implications identified. (BD)

This study reports the successful use of compulsory "peer selecting modeling" for the treatment of hostile and aggressive behavior within a special education program. The treatment procedure, a brief, situation-specific variant of peer and participant modeling, was designed for routine use by classroom teachers. (Author)

Six-and eight-year olds were exposed to a modeling sequence for cluster rule learning under high, medium, and low degrees of structure. Age differences in vicarious learning emerged only in the medium structure condition, while immediately imitating a model failed to influence learning for either age group. (Author/CP)