Studies show that wage differentials between men and women are widening, especially when race is considered, and women are still underrepresented in some fields. It is suggested that affirmative action for women, especially in professional occupations, might have far-reaching positive results in sexual equality and community leadership. (MSE)

The relative magnitudes of R-squared values computed through multiple regression models using grade equivalent scores, raw scores, standard scores, and percentiles as both predictor and criterion variables are compared. Grade equivalents and standard scores produced the highest R-squared values. (Author/JKS)

This article describes a meta-analysis of 75 comparative studies of an innovative method of college teaching, Keller's personalized system of instruction (PSI). The analysis establishes that PSI generally produces superior student achievement, less variation in achievement, and higher student ratings in college courses. (Author)

Simulated data typical of those from meta analyses are used to evaluate the reliability, Type I and Type II errors, bias, and standard error of the meta-analytic procedures of Schmidt and Hunter (1977). Concerns about power, reliability, and Type I errors are presented. (SLD)

Statistics education is under review at all educational levels. Statistical concepts, as well as the use of statistical methods and techniques, can be taught in at least two contrasting ways. Specifically, (1) teaching can be theoretically and mathematically oriented, or (2) it can be less mathematically oriented being focused, instead, on…

School leaders are faced with the daunting task of anticipating the future and making conscious adaptations to their practices, in order to keep up and to be responsive to the environment. To succeed in a rapidly changing and increasingly complex world, it is vital that schools grow, develop, adapt and take charge of change so that they can…

A modification of the Family Adaptation Scale of Antonovsky and Sourani (1988), was developed for assessing the adaptation of ministers' families. A sample of 317 individuals (ministers, spouses, and children aged 8 to 18) from 135 protestant ministers' families was used to test the scale. The self-report questionnaire was tested for internal…

Basic facts are summarized about the public schools of Wisconsin in the 1993-94 school year. Nine statewide summary tables (Section A) present information about ethnicity and the numbers of schools, districts, students, teachers, and other school personnel. Student and staff data are shown by school district in a table in Section B. Two tables in…

This report on the private school universe, a data collection system developed by the National Center for Education Statistics, presents data on schools with grades kindergarten through 12 by school size, school level, religious orientation, geographical region, and program emphasis. Numbers of students and teachers are reported in the same…

Methods of adjusting cut scores used in placement decisions are examined empirically. Admission and performance variables are used to study alternate methods of adjusting cut scores for placement in standard and accelerated rhetoric courses in a large university setting, with the predicted variable being success or failure as measured by…

Countries with mature social security systems have declining rates of labor force participation of the aged. The experience of nine countries (United States, Canada, Belgium, France, Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden, United Kingdom) over the last two decades provided the statistical data presented and analyzed in the…

The general goal of this paper is to help researchers conduct appropriately designed goodness of fit studies for item response model applications. The specific purposes are to describe: (1) an up-to-date set of promising and useful methods for addressing a variety of goodness of fit questions; and (2) current research studies to advance this set…

A more familiar and efficient method for estimating the parameters of Cason and Cason's model was examined. Using a two-step analysis based on linear regression, rather than the direct search interative procedure, gave about equally good results while providing a 33 to 1 computer processing time advantage, across 14 cohorts of junior medical…

Political communication researchers recently have emphasized conditional relationships as crucial to specifying and understanding the effects of the mass media. In many cases, however, researchers will not predict which variables will modify the form or existence of media effects. They therefore will not include measures of the conditional…

This paper deals with test fairness regarding a test consisting of two parts: (1) a "common" section, taken by all students; and (2) a "variable" section, in which some students may answer a different set of questions from other students. For example, a test taken by several thousand students each year contains a common multiple-choice portion and…