Selecting a statistical framework for a behavioral study has profoundly different results than does a linguistically framed research strategy. The linguistic strategy overcomes many limitations inherent in statistical strategies and offers more meaningful results. Inferential statistical studies often discuss how the findings "explain" the results…

This study evaluated a "substantively driven" method for scoring NAEP writing assessments automatically. The study used variations of an existing commercial program, e-rater[R], to compare the performance of three approaches to automated essay scoring: a "brute-empirical" approach in which variables are selected and weighted solely according to…

Monte Carlo studies investigated effects of within-group covariance structure on subgroup recovery by several widely used hierarchical clustering methods. In Study 1, subgroup size, within-group correlation, within-group variance, and distance between subgroup centroids were manipulated. All clustering methods were strongly affected by…

This paper empirically and systematically assessed the performance of bootstrap resampling procedure as it was applied to a regression model. Parameter estimates from Monte Carlo experiments (repeated sampling from population) and bootstrap experiments (repeated resampling from one original bootstrap sample) were generated and compared. Sample…

Discusses the idea that with larger cohorts of the very old, subjects in their 80s and 90s will be increasingly sought as respondents. Points out various steps that need to be taken to assure that this older group will be represented by the ailing as well as the healthy community residents. (Author/EJT)

To examine the ability of the correction factor epsilon to counteract statistical bias in univariate analysis, an analysis of variance (adjusted by epsilon) and a multivariate analysis of variance were performed on the same data. The results indicated that univariate analysis is a fully protected design when used with epsilon. (JMB)

This study had two purposes: to test the usefulness of partial order scalogram analysis with multivariate response data; and to illustrate the multidimensional nature of suicide risk. A detailed introduction describes partial order scalograms, which locate respondents' profiles in a two-dimensional space (rather than on a unidimensional Guttman…

Formulas for estimating cross-validated hit-rates, the number of correct classifications into an a priori grouping structure, were examined. The following mathematical formulas were compared: McLachlan's formula estimator, two Snappin and Knoke smoothed formula estimators, and the analytic leave-one-out estimator. The R method was included as a…

Three measures of person-fit (the extent to which an examinee's response pattern on a multiple-choice test is consistent with his ability as estimated by total score) were computed for students taking classroom tests under 12 different instructors at a comprehensive university. Supplementary questions on each test inquired concerning students'…

The Classification of Secondary School Courses (CSSC) is a coding activity to translate the diverse course titles which appear on transcripts and master schedules of students into common terms, permitting meaningful comparisons to be made about these students and allowing secondary school coursework to be considered as a coherent factor in…

Two studies were conducted to examine relationships between intransitivity, defined by the total circular triad (TCT) score on the Minnesota Importance Questionnaire (MIQ), and vocational needs and abilities. Data were collected on 373 rehabilitation clients for Study 1 and 215 vocational assessment clients for Study 2. In Study 1, TCT scores were…

This study examines and describes current statistical programs in the field of library and information science, identifies areas of the National Commission's program that are dependent on quantitative data, compares the current statistical programs with projected new needs, and specifies areas that must be developed in a future national…

Most measurements of racial and ethnic segregation, particularly comparative analyses across cities, have relied on the Index of Dissimilarity ("D"). Recently, however, it has been demonstrated that cities with different racial compositions also have different expected values of "D" under a random distribution of whites and…

In recent years there has been a rapid growth in the number of households headed by women and in the proportion of these households receiving public assistance. This paper presents a model to test the hypothesis that changes in the public assistance system contributed to the increase in these households. Current Population Survey data on the…