Further explores the difficulties pertaining to limitations in the use and interpretation of the Index of Dissimilarity demonstrates some of the systematic biases resulting from these inadequacies and provides a mathematical refinement which overcomes some of the major problems inherent in the use of this index. (Author/AM)

This article proposes a method for testing equality of variances which exploits Pitman's idea and the computational power of simulations. Several advantages to this method are illustrated. A Monte Carlo study for several combinations of sample sizes and number of variables is presented. (Author/LMO)

Procedures are described for determining the statistical significance of a set of ratings made on bidirectional (B) scales. B and its statistical significance can be determined on samples of items or raters. The statistical significance of a mean of B values can be assessed by applying a normal approximation test. (Author/DWH)

A method requiring minimal computational effort is presented for transforming ordered residuals for purposes of testing the correctness of a regression model. The method maintains the same logical ordering in the transformed residuals as that of the original residuals and is suitable for either correlated or uncorrelated data. (Author/BS)

Commonly used techniques for estimating the effect of data error on fund allocations are biased because they fail to account for numerous sources of data error and for misspecification of the allocation formula itself. Alternate methods for estimating the effects of data error are presented. (Author/BS)

Decomposable models, which allow for the interdependence of structure among observable variables, are described. Each model is fully characterized by a set of conditional interdependence restrictions and can be visualized with an undirected as well as a special type of directed graph. (Author/JKS)

Approximations to the distribution of a common form of effect size are presented. Single sample tests, confidence interval formulation, tests of homogeneity, and pooling procedures are based on these approximations. Caveats are presented concerning statistical procedures as applied to sample effect sizes commonly used in meta-analysis. (Author)

An alternative to Fisher's exact test and the chi-square test for homogeneity in two-by-two tables is developed. The method provides for Type I error rates which are closer to the stated alpha level than either of the alternatives. (JKS)

Compares the journalistic quality of the major news media in three selected Ohio communities. (RB)

Approximations were compared with exact statistics obtained on 85 different classroom tests constructed and administered by professors in a variety of fields; means and standard deviation of the resulting differences supported the use of approximations in practical situations. (Author)

Findings of the test reported here were: (1) group-administered tests are practicable and may be scored reliably; (2) performance correlated highly with performance on standardized listening and grammar tests of English as a foreign language; (3) the difficulty of the test sentences seemed to be determined by their length and syntactical…

Revised version of paper presented at annual meeting of American Association for the Advancement of Science (Washington, D. C., December 1966).