The influences of the federal, state, and local governments are viewed in their historical relationship to university and school practices. Education in the Colonial period of American history, the 1800s, and the twentieth century is discussed. (JN)

Modern compulsory schooling ignores the spiritual component of human existence, to the detriment of individual and society. In American Protestant spirituality, everyone counts; a good life's requisites are spelled out: work as salvation, pain as path to self-knowledge, duty, compassion, acceptance of loss, preparation for death. But no teacher…

Theories of mass education that emphasize processes of differentiation or the reproduction of inequalities ignore the universal and institutional character of mass education. A theoretical framework emphasizing individualism and the rationalization of individual and collective authority better explains the relationship of mass education to…

Advances 14 general propositions on family and gender equity that seek to promote gender equality; an end to female genital mutilation; an awareness of sexually transmitted diseases; responsible parenthood and parent education; healthy gender relations; compulsory education for both sexes; and acceptance of unmarried or divorced adults, single…

Primary public education in France originated in the 19th- century "ecole republicaine." Since the 1960s, elementary schools have been integrated into a (universally attended) preschool to secondary school system. The elementary level is characterized by modernistic pedagogy, a child-development focus, and a psycho-affective…

Slovenia is currently undergoing a process of school reform in order to extend compulsory education from eight to nine years and to lower the school entering age from 7 to 6. According to the Ministry of Education, Science and Sport, the new elementary schools will focus less on the content and more on developing cognitive and social skills. At…

A number of countries, including Sweden and the UK, are considering the introduction of compulsory teacher training for higher education (HE) lecturers. This paper assesses whether such a policy is likely to achieve its aims, and the issues that may arise as the policy is implemented. The paper draws on experience with this policy in Norway,…

The four issues of "SKOLE" published in 1996 include articles about alternatives to public education, the value of free schools and home-schooling, and children's learning experiences. Feature articles include profiles of alternative schools and educational programs; descriptions of learning experiences and teaching practices; a study of full…

This 4-section report begins with an introductory statement on the overall state of Japan's educational system and covers educational administration, organizations for the promotion of audiovisual instruction in Japan, and educational broadcasting agencies. The current Standards for the Provision of Instructional Aids and Equipment for compulsory…

Taiwan's effort to provide a compulsory ninth grade education for its citizens has led to a 700 percent increase in the number of schools since 1950, reflecting a tremendous effort by the Taiwan government to provide public education, in their belief that an educated populace is the secret to a nation's success. While there is a noticeable lack of…

This paper is a survey of school-to-work transition issues as they have developed in Europe. It contains discussion about the activities, research, and programs of each of four important international organizations, with particular stress on the period after 1975. These organizations are the European Community, the Organisation for Economic…

While the impact of schools in colonial America was soft before the mid-eighteenth century, devotion to education was strong and self-evident. By the early nineteenth century, schooling was well on its way to becoming universal for most children. As the nineteenth century wore on, the state became more and more involved in schooling. As taxation…

This study reports the comparative increase in enrollments at each level of education in all 22 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development between 1950 and 1965. Data are also included for Yugoslavia, an associated member country. The first two chapters deal with enrollment trend analysis -- chapter one being…

The 1977 court case of a Nebraska home school that was not accredited and not approved by the Department of Education is reviewed and the State's position summarized. Nebraska regulations for exempting schools from accreditation requirements are explained. Comments are made on trends in home schools and private education in Nebraska. (PS)

This report reviews the child labor situation in 16 countries where child labor has been identified as a problem, and the level and types of action being undertaken to reduce child exploitation. The information is based on material gathered during field visits to Bangladesh, Brazil, Egypt, Guatemala, India, Kenya, Mexico, Nepal, Nicaragua,…